Shah Who?

The Obama administration just named a virtual unknown to head the U.S. Agency for International Development. Why -- and what does it mean?

BY ANNIE LOWREY | NOVEMBER 12, 2009

Tuesday's appointment of an administrator to lead the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) was met in Washington with some relief. The post at the head of the independent executive agency -- with its multibillion budget, 1,800-person staff, and round-the-world presence -- had sat empty for 10 months, rankling the aid and foreign-assistance community outside government and in, including Senators John Kerry and Richard Lugar.

Over the course of the year, many prominent names were bandied about for the position. Paul Farmer, the visionary leader of Partners in Health, which provides medical services in poor countries, reportedly couldn't get past vetting. George Rupp, the president of the International Rescue Committee, and Nancy Birdsall, the founding president of the Center for Global Development, also allegedly were front-runners who did not pass muster in a process Secretary of State Hillary Clinton called "frustrating beyond words."

In the end, it was Rajiv Shah, a virtual unknown, who was named to the position -- amid much confusion and questioning. As one former USAID employee put it, "Who the hell is this guy? He's 35 years old, has been in Washington for about 10 minutes, and nobody's ever heard of him."

In fact, Shah -- actually 36, a physician, native of Michigan, and longtime resident of Seattle -- has been a player in the aid world for years, though not in Washington. He worked on Al Gore's 2000 presidential campaign as a health-care advisor and then joined the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the largest charitable organization in the world. He ascended the ranks to become the head of its massive agricultural development program and five months ago came to Washington to join the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) as undersecretary for research, education, and economics and chief scientist. Easily winning congressional confirmation on May 12, he has managed $2.6 billion and more than 10,000 employees during his tenure.

It's ample experience for a young guy. But it is not necessarily experience relevant to USAID. The agency is responsible for a broad spectrum of initiatives relating to trade, democracy promotion, health, agriculture, humanitarian assistance, economic development, and emergency aid. Shah has scant experience in many of those core sectors. He has never been a member of the foreign service. He has never been based abroad, where virtually all of USAID's work happens. And he hasn't really worked inside the Beltway, either.

Several USAID employees and people who work with the agency with whom I spoke had never even heard of Shah before. Ron Capps of Refugees International noted, "The [nomination] process isn't transparent, and Shah wasn't one of the people I had heard were being considered for the role."

Shah's nomination has not just left questions about the man himself -- but about the Obama administration's position on USAID. Will Shah be a weak leader, auguring the diminution of its responsibilities? Or is he going to be a strong, efficient technocrat, re-establishing USAID's policy heft and independent status?  Nobody is sure, but the nomination of an unknown to an undermined agency seems to augur the former.

Mark Wilson/Getty Images

 

Annie Lowrey is an assistant editor at Foreign Policy.

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CAN.THIS.AGENCY.BE.SAVED

12:55 AM ET

November 13, 2009

USAID Administrator = Under Secretary at USDA

This appointment has all the subtlety of Gov. Schwarzenegger's veto letters to the California Assembly, except that here the letters spell out: USAID Administrator = Undersecretary at USDA. And not even an Undersec with a budget and clout. Forget about the dreams of making the USAID administrator a cabinet-level official.

The reality is that Holbrooke, Clinton and others don't want a strong voice at USAID. They have ideas about what to do in the world and they want unfettered access to USAID's budget to accomplish it. An administrator with even a few cents of political capital and even a little experience in the agency they are going to be in charge of might actually have a few ideas of his/her own, and might question the wisdom being passed down by the best and brightest that Clinton and Holbrooke have running the show.

And has anyone (oh, maybe on the Hill?) asked why - if everyone from Eikenberry to that guy who quit his job in Afghanistan has been saying that the big problem in Afghanistan is corruption and incompetent government, and USAID is supposed to be the lead agency in addressing corruption and governance, we have an administrator who not only has zero experience in that issue, but comes from an organization that has consistently argued that development depends on making sure that everyone gets a malaria net, and has access to a hospital and a library, and all that uncomfortable talk about corruption and governance are just a distraction.

Oh, its going to be a dark, dark time in the Ronald Reagan Building.

 

SMCI60652

2:01 PM ET

November 13, 2009

Umm... PLEASE don't tell me

that they just confirmed a Hindu-American (with a name like Rajiv, one can only guess) as the head of a newly revamped USAID?

We have two politically and militarily crucial aid assignments in the coming years in Muslim Afghanistan and Pakistan, and THIS is the guy you want to have as the face of our operations there?

It makes no difference in the U.S., but it's a WORLD of difference to those guys.

Didn't the Kerry-Lugar Act just give like hundreds of millions of dollars to USAID to establish field offices in Pakistan? I'm sure "Rajiv" will go over well with them and their already twisted theories of our real intentions there.

We're so screwed.

 

ARYABHAT

4:41 AM ET

November 18, 2009

And selecting a Christian American would be better?

If anyone check the impirical data, Pakistanis hate America more then even they hate India. So do you want a Hindu/Indian image or Christian/American image?

Secondly, if America started deciding on anything but merit, for a senior post in its administration or what Pakistanis would think then we had it! Next suggestion would be then to have Angelina Jolie as the head of USAID, as she HAS visited Pakistan, is popular there and is not a Hindu! But is that what you want as USAID chief?

Thirdly, hoopla over Kerry-Lugar was because military in Pakistan threatened that it would loose its prominance and direct aid flow, else the bill is no different then many such previous bills made for Pakistan and other countries, just like Secretary Clinton made it clear on her many interviews on her last visit to Pakistan.

Forthly, amount of goodwill and brand equity generated by Gates Foundation across world v/s the actual funds spent is disproportionately phenomencal. Try comparing that with Oxfam or or even Red cross. That is what exactly USA needs. More goodwill against every dollar spent. And Shah has a record of delivering exactly that.

So it is time for America to decide what is in its best interest and capitalise talent available rather then discriminate someone on Age or religious background, or just because some wasted interests made hoopla over Kerry-Lugar in Pakistan.

 

SMCI60652

10:27 AM ET

November 18, 2009

At some point these people will start listening

OK. Give us the empirical data. Until you do, ponder the fact that Pakistan has fought 4 wars with India and NONE with the US. Pakistan has had long, albeit sometimes uncomfertable, diplomatic and intelligence ties to the United States and its key Arab allies. What ties has India had with Pakistan?

Secondly, appointing more minorities to senior level government positions is an absolutely beautiful thing and should definitely be encouraged. Our government should reflect the rich tapestry of our people. However, if you're truly arguing for merit based appointments, than the argument for Rajiv is quite thin.

Just read what the article itself says:

- 36, physician
- worked of Al Gore's campaign as health care advisor
- head of Agriculutral Development program at Gates found.
- came to DC 5 months ago as UnderSec of Research, Education, and Economics where he managed $2.6 billion and more than 10,000 employees.
The article proceeds to say:
"It's ample experience for a young guy. But it is not necessarily experience relevant to USAID." The agency is responsible for a broad spectrum of initiatives relating to trade, democracy promotion, health, agriculture, humanitarian assistance, economic development, and emergency aid. Shah has scant experience in many of those core sectors. He has never been a member of the foreign service. He has never been based abroad, where virtually all of USAID's work happens. And he hasn't really worked inside the Beltway, either."

Thirdly, your right about the hoopla created by the military and PML-Q. But that's all the more reason to proceed with caution. India is univerally reviled by not just the military but ALL political factions. Tommorow the story isn't going to be "AID chief recommends curtailing of funding for lack of Pakistani cooperation and transparency." Instead it'll be "Pakistani officials blame INDIAN-American USAID chief of wanton bias and witholding critical funding for poverty alleviation development programs."

Fourthly, Shah was incharge of the Agriculutral Development Program at the Gates' Foundation. Unless you can draw a tangible line from Agricultural Aid to this supposed "disproportionate goodwill and brand equity" that they enjoy, the argument is a farce. Not to mention that Kerry Lugar never alots any funds to agriculutral development, so Shah's experience is irrelevent in this case.

We agree on one thing, the United States should act on its own interests based on meritocracy. But Shah's appointment doesn't hold up on EITHER of those grounds. The USAID chief's purview extends to every corner of the globe, but the most critical assignments we have for the next decade are in South Asia. With (what will soon be) almost 100,000 American troops stationed next door and a tenuous security situation, let's not muddle things up by making our diplomatic situation even more complicated than it already is.

Reject Shah.

 

SMCI60652

4:18 PM ET

November 13, 2009

wait!

Has he been confirmed yet? Does he have to be?

Cuz if not then maybe there's still hope I turning a few Democratic Senators.

 

NANCY BIRDSALL

6:15 PM ET

November 13, 2009

Raj Shah is a smart choice... but needs White House backing

Interesting that Annie Lowrey’s sources think I might have been a candidate for the USAID Administrator job. For many reasons – among them Pakistan and Afghanistan, the rise of China, the risks of climate change for the world’s poor -- there may be no other job as challenging, substantively and politically, in the Administration right now. I am honored to perhaps have been a real candidate -- at some point on some list – maybe!

Let me add: History may well show that the nomination of Raj Shah was a bold and smart move on the part of the Administration. He’s an independent thinker with plenty of savvy and experience about moving good ideas to practical action, and understands well what development is all about. But his tremendous potential will not be realized without demonstrable support from the White House and the State Department to rebuild an effective USAID.

What Shah needs to succeed, including in collaborating with the Congress on fundamental reform of U.S. foreign assistance, is clarity on USAID’s independent mandate – including a medium-term budget that is secured against short-term diplomatic imperatives -- and clarity on his seniority as a Deputy in the State Department reporting directly to the Secretary of State.

Ultimately, of course, our top development official should have a seat in the President's Cabinet. And right now President Obama should send a strong signal about the importance he assigns to the development agenda by including the USAID Administrator in his National Security Council.

 

SIMON1

2:08 AM ET

November 14, 2009

Poor choice

Rajiv Shah may be a brilliant guy, but Obama and Clinton forgot that they have to be careful of political and diplomatic sensitivities. Appointing yet another Indian to a post that interacts and deals with the Pakistanis is a foolish mistake, which they don't seem to care about. I am appalled at people appointed or hired for the many Pakistan/Afghanistan focused positions, and wonder where the administration's diplomatic logic or sense has been lost. Great start guys.... keep it up.... we need more trouble on the political front, just like we have on the military front!

 

ALUMINUMMIKE

7:37 AM ET

November 14, 2009

So much for the 3 Ds

CAN.THIS.AGENCY.BE.SAVED is spot-on. Shah's nomination confirms that the Obama administration does not consider development on par with the other two Ds: Defense and Diplomacy. It also affirms Clinton's increasing control over USAID and, more importantly, its budget. Already, development is increasingly politicised and, in the field, is subject to considerable input - if not control - from the State Department side. Seasoned USAID experts, both technical and administrative, are being sidelined to short-term politicos with neither the knowledge nor the saavy to understand long-term development issues.

Lowrey's article suggests Shah's experience managing budget and people. Let's not forget that he's been at USDA for less than 6 months. Will we really suggest that that counts? He's barely had enough time to find a house and a school for his kids. He has an MD but has never practiced medicine. Experience? Sorry - don't see it.

For USAID to return to its former position as the world's preeminent development agency, there are a lot of changes that need to take place OUTSIDE of USAID. It isn't that USAID is broken and can be repaired by a slick manager. USAID's problem is and has been the role of the State Dept and Congress in foreign assistance. USAID needs a leader with gravitas and political weight to take on those outside interests. Shah has neither. His nomination signals, in my mind, the end of USAID and the diminishment by the Obama administration of the importance of foreign assistance to America's security and national interests.

 
January/February 2010