Peddling Peril

An exclusive excerpt from David Albright's new book, Peddling Peril: How the Secret Nuclear Trade Arms America's Enemies.

BY DAVID ALBRIGHT | MARCH 17, 2010

Chapter Eight - Al Qaeda's Bomb

The image of Osama bin Laden discussing nuclear weapons around a campfire with two former senior Pakistani nuclear engineers is the stuff of movies. Yet it actually happened in August 2001, when A.Q. Khan's deal with Libya was in full swing. Access to these Pakistani engineers was a major shortcut to possessing nuclear weapons. No one could dismiss the likelihood of nuclear terrorism again.

Bin Laden had thought seriously about acquiring nuclear weapons for many years. In the early 1990s, an al Qaeda agent unsuccessfully sought uranium in Sudan. In 1998, the year Pakistan tested its nuclear weapons, bin Laden declared that acquiring unconventional weapons was a religious duty.

He apparently realized early in his quest that he would need help. In 1998, bin Laden's representatives approached the Khan network. They tried at least three times, and each time were rebuffed. A lack of funds might have been the reason, or resistance to share nuclear weapons expertise with terrorists who could be expected to use a nuclear weapon if they ever got one.

Bin Laden fared better with some of Khan's longtime rivals, Sultan Bashiruddin Mahmood and Chaudiri Abdul Majeed, two retired senior engineers at the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) who were more willing to help bin Laden build nuclear weapons.

After retiring from the PAEC in 1999, Mahmood established Ummah Tameer-e-Nau (UTN), Reconstruction of the Muslim Ummah (community), a nongovernmental organization whose stated mission was to invest in industries and conduct relief work in Afghanistan. Majeed, who retired in 2000 from the PAEC's prestigious Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTECH), became one of UTN's key officials. UTN was also supported by Pakistani military officers who opposed President Musharraf and sympathized with the Taliban.

One of the most important members was General Hamid Gul, former director of the Pakistani intelligence service, the Directorate of Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI). In Afghanistan, UTN was one of the few non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that had the approval of Mullah Omar, the Taliban head of Afghanistan.

In addition to its civil work, however, UTN had a darker side, providing a cover for helping al Qaeda build nuclear weapons and other weapons of mass destruction. UTN had global ambitions to spread nuclear technology. It approached the Libyans with an offer to provide nuclear as well as chemical and biological weapons assistance. Yet Libya had little need of UTN's help because Khan was already providing much more than UTN could offer.

Free Press, a Division of Simon & Schuster, Inc

 SUBJECTS: NUKES, TRADE, TERRORISM
 

 

Excerpted from Peddling Peril: How the Secret Nuclear Trade Arms America's Enemies by David Albright. Copyright © 2010 by The Institute for Science and International Security.  Excerpted with permission by Free Press, a Division of Simon & Schuster, Inc.

AHSON HASAN

11:10 AM ET

March 21, 2010

Peddling Peril

Excellent analysis! Whereas the history of Pakistan's involvement in conventional as well as nuclear terrorism is known to all and sundry, the fact that the country's overall military bureaucracy and those responsible for running the nuclear program have been actively associated with this atrocious exercise is even more flabbergasting and somewhat perplexing.

AQ Khan and the bunch of crooks who worked with/for him were well-sheltered and provided protection, incentives, perks and privileges by each successive government in Pakistan. These nuclear terrorists were 'above-the-law' types who had access to all possible channels of information and the capability to override rules and regulations with impunity.

It would be rather naïve to believe that AQ and company operated on their own. These ‘wretched of the earth’ had the full backing and support of the military as well and Establishment.

While AQ was busy making personal profits, those at the helm of affairs were occupied in brainwashing the Pakistani public that the development of the nuclear program is right in line with the precepts of religion, that Pakistan was threatened by India, US and Israel, that Pakistan needs to spend more and more on obtaining conventional and unconventional weapons in order to counter this monstrous threat to Islam!

Having met with considerable success in their endeavor to cheat not only the national but international systems as well, these ‘scientists’ were treated as ‘gods’, especially after the May 1998 nuclear tests. AQ became an overnight folk hero, a celebrity whose name became synonymous to Albert Einstein and Isaac Newton in the nationalistic Pakistani media. Some even went to the extent of calling him the ‘Father of the Nation’, a title normally used for Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan.

The Khan network is an interesting lesson for all of us. It’s a wake up call for the world community to pay attention to countries that strongly believe that they have to assert and make their presence felt in regional as well as global politics and they try to justify the ends without thinking substantially about means to achieve those ends.

Additionally, ‘friends’ of Pakistan need to pay heed to US apprehensions about the Paki nukes falling into wrong hands. Given that Pakistan is an utterly chaotic and terribly managed policy, access to that nuclear stockpile is just a heartbeat away from being taken over by the religious fundamentalists.

Unless strong and solid checks are put in place, this Pakistani nuclear and terrorist juggernaut will keep playing havoc and stand in the way of any peaceful progress that the world is trying to make in the way of fighting and curbing terrorism. Pakistan and Taliban are two names of the same ‘object’ – even the greatest of Pakistani supporters cannot deny that. It’s a sad fact but it is true to the core.

Granted that Khan and his gang are living in a somewhat ‘constrained’ environment at this time, the West needs to beware of the fact that this unending line of terrorists within the Pakistani state setup will stay on as a pain in the neck as long as impactful steps are not taken to subdue them.

 

SAAJJJAAD

11:46 PM ET

March 21, 2010

Peddling Peril

These type of topics are always in. So many writers are putting their efforts to highlight these issue specially related to Middle East, Iran and Pakistan. Through these topics they creat uncertainity in these countries and brain wash western people against these countries. If we look into history who acted as irresponsibly, The USA and whose policies and decisions went wrong - The West. How many people died in 9/11 - max 4000, How many died in Afghanistan and Iraq - about 400,000. Who won this war ? What has been achieved through this war on terror ?
Pakistani authorities made it clear so many times that their Nukes are in safe hands and will remain safe no one has to worry about it, eventhen Davis Albright claimed they are not safe and wrote this book, why ? Once again I coat here Pakistans Nukes are in safe hands and will remain in safe hands.