Pakistan's New Networks of Terror

It's not just about Waziristan anymore. How the country's various militias are joining forces -- and what it could mean for attacks within the United States.

BY IMTIAZ GUL | JUNE 10, 2010

On May 28, several mercenaries invaded two mosques in Lahore, Pakistan's second-largest city, and ended up mowing down nearly 100 Ahmadis, members of a breakaway sect that was officially declared to be non-Muslim in the mid-1970s. The killing was one of the boldest and most deadly in a year of bold and deadly attacks in Pakistan. And it pointed to a frightening development in Pakistani terrorism. The militants had a typical profile for jihadists in Pakistan, having trained in North Waziristan in camps connected to the Pakistani Taliban (TTP). But it also seems likely that they were connected to local Punjabi terrorist groups. In a sign of Pakistan's increasing chaos, the groups that were formerly barricaded in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) along the Afghanistan border are now joining forces with groups around the country -- and the result is a networked terrorism outfit with an ever-growing capacity to produce pain and mayhem.

At the center of the current frenzy are Sunni outfits such as the Punjab-based Lashkar-e-Jhangvi and Sipah-e-Sahaba Pakistan, and the Kashmir-focused Jaish-e-Mohammed and Lashkar-e-Taiba (which also keeps a headquarters in Lahore). These groups were born out of the vicious proxy war between Saudi Arabia and Iran that began in the immediate aftermath of the 1979 Iranian Revolution. Concerned that Iran's revolutionary message would inspire Shiites and weaken Sunni dominance, the Saudis, whose Wahhabi brand of Islam is virulently anti-Shiite, funded and equipped Sunni militias in Punjab tasked with intimidating and eliminating prominent Pakistani Shiites.

The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in December 1979 extended the theater of Saudi-Iranian interests to Afghanistan and provided Pakistan's military ruler, Gen. Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, with a golden opportunity to secure international legitimacy after his 1977 coup that deposed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. With active support from the CIA, Zia not only turned Pakistan into the launching pad for the anti-Soviet jihad in Afghanistan, but also tasked his security establishment with finding ways to turn the tide of jihad on India for the liberation of Kashmir.

The Pakistani terrorist groups that emerged were supposed to bleed India and thus weaken its hold over Kashmir, two-thirds of which is under New Delhi's control. But while these radical organizations acted as Pakistan's unofficial pawns, often trained and funded by Pakistani intelligence, they became a source of religious radicalization, particularly in rural Pakistan, where they went to recruit young men to join the struggle.

Even after Gen. Pervez Musharraf banned most of these organizations in January 2002 in an attempt to appease both Washington and India, the damage only accelerated. The rank and file of these rabidly anti-Shiite organizations found a welcoming home in FATA, where al Qaeda and the Afghan Taliban had settled following their retreat from Afghanistan. Dozens of Pakistani tribesmen with a history of fighting in Afghanistan joined the Taliban in solidarity and eventually formed their own movement, Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), the Pakistani Taliban, founded in December 2007 by Baitullah Mehsud and currently led by Hakimullah Mehsud. The unintended consequence of Musharraf's ban was to turn FATA into a lawless melting pot of violent Islamists.

Nadeem Ijaz/Getty Images

 

Imtiaz Gul is author of The Most Dangerous Place.

CONTENT FILTER89

8:32 PM ET

June 10, 2010

Home Security Systems

As an increasing number of suicide attacks rock Pakistan's major cities, concerns for the country's security are rising. In recent years, many new terrorist groups have emerged, several existing groups have reconstituted themselves, and a new crop of militants has emerged, more violent and less conducive to political solutions than their predecessors.
content filter

 

CEOUNICOM

10:47 AM ET

June 11, 2010

"less conducive to political solutions than their predecessors"

Clearly you didnt even read the posted article. What are you, a spambot?

 

ELIVEBUY

9:03 AM ET

June 12, 2010

jordan shoes$32, boots$50,Handbags$35,Jewerly $20JEANs$30,Free s

================= http://www.traderwear.com ============

Nike shox(R4,NZ,OZ,TL1,TL2,TL3) $35
Handbags(Coach lv fendi d&g) $35
Tshirts (ed hardy,lacoste) $16

================= http://www.traderwear.com ============\

2#$@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

 

DEPETRIS@WORDPRESS.COM

11:25 PM ET

June 10, 2010

A shallow alliance

There is no question that the United States and Pakistan should be concerned about seemingly independent Islamic terrorist organizations banning together. The fact that Jaish e-Mohammad and the Pakistani Taliban are starting to cooperate in the tribal regions despite their differing agendas (one is primarily an anti-Indian proxy force used by the Pakistani Government, while the latter is a group totally opposed to Islamabad). An alliance that brings together these various groups will only make the Pakistani Government's job more difficult in the coming months. Likewise, cooperation between numerous Pakistan-based terrorist organizations could have the potential of confusing Washington as to who the real enemy is.

But does it dawn on anyone that perhaps this situation is a product of a common enemy (the United States and Pakistan) rather than a common ideological bond? Granted, all of these groups are vehemently anti-Shia in their orientation, and most are heavily critical (if downright opposed) to Pakistan's current policies. But most of these groups- regardless of their Sunni ethnicity- still have different agendas. Jaish e-Mohammad and Lashar e-Taiba view India as their number one adversary, whereas the Haqqani network and (increasingly) the Pakistani Taliban are directing most of their operations against U.S. troops in Afghanistan.

In the long run, these different objectives will overpower any bonds of commonality between them. Once the United States departs from Afghanistan in July of 2011, the fragile alliance that once connected these terrorist organizations will evaporate. Let's not pretend that this new alliance between Pakistan's Islamic extremists is a genuine partnership.

http://www.depetris.wordpress.com

 

DEPETRIS@WORDPRESS.COM

11:29 PM ET

June 10, 2010

CORRECTED

There is no question that the United States and Pakistan should be concerned about seemingly independent Islamic terrorist organizations banning together. The fact that Jaish e-Mohammad and the Pakistani Taliban are starting to cooperate in the tribal regions despite their differing agendas (one is primarily an anti-Indian proxy force used by the Pakistani Government, while the latter is a group totally opposed to Islamabad) is more than a cause for alarm. An alliance that brings together these various groups will only make the Pakistani Government's job more difficult in the coming months. Likewise, cooperation between numerous Pakistan-based terrorist organizations could have the potential of confusing Washington as to who the real enemy is.

But does it dawn on anyone that perhaps this situation is a product of a common enemy (the United States and Pakistan) rather than a common ideological bond? Granted, all of these groups are vehemently anti-Shia in their orientation, and most are heavily critical (if downright opposed) to Pakistan's current policies. But most of these groups- regardless of their Sunni ethnicity- still have different agendas. Jaish e-Mohammad and Lashar e-Taiba view India as their number one adversary, whereas the Haqqani network and (increasingly) the Pakistani Taliban are directing most of their operations against U.S. troops in Afghanistan.

In the long run, these different objectives will overpower any bonds of commonality between them. Once the United States departs from Afghanistan in July of 2011, the fragile alliance that once connected these terrorist organizations will evaporate. Let's not pretend that this new alliance between Pakistan's Islamic extremists is a genuine partnership.

http://www.depetris.wordpress.com

 

CEOUNICOM

10:50 AM ET

June 11, 2010

 

ASHOK2718

12:47 PM ET

June 11, 2010

I totally agree

Yeah man Orange like I totally agree with you except you should not expect children to learn both java and .net when we see that web is the next biggest,coolest thing (again !) and they should learn web development and HTML 5, PHP, Javascript and CSS programming.

PEace

 

RSAFSOZ

3:48 PM ET

June 11, 2010

terror

i am afraid sikis terror

 

MARVI SIRMED

9:21 AM ET

June 13, 2010

Pak Army and Terror Links

Good piece Imtiaz sahib. But there's enough room for covering a number of related factors. For example a faction of army and ISI that still consider Taiban as their strategic assets to deal with Indo-Russian forces in a post-NATO Afghanistan as well as to use them against pro-Indian regime whether or not Americans have left this region.

We also need to take into account the escape of Hakeemullah Mehsud from the war zone right in the middle if the war, when Pak Army and intelligence agencies were expected to have at least some kind of picketting grip around the war zone. It raises many questions when we watch videos of Army Investigative Vells generously distributed to social networking sites in which some army personnel were investigating (read beating) some of the pakhtun suspects. Has infilteration in Pak Army gone to that dangerous depth? Or some of the groups / individual from within army wanted to win public sympathies for the suspects? In both the cases, Pak Army's image and credibility is at stake.

Moreover, you probably fumbled while counting the number of terrorist attacks from 1995 to 2002. The number wad, I'm afraid quite high than the trumpeted figure of one (by pro-establishment / Taliban leaders and media persons). My source is Pakistani and international newspapers and hospital records. I'd be interested to know your source. Many thanks.

 

SURESH SHETH

4:06 PM ET

June 13, 2010

Pakistan suffering from self-inflicted wounds

Nobody forced Pakistani government to facilitate relocation of Osama bin Laden from Sudan to Afghanistan in 1996. Democratic government of Pakistan chose to do so of its own free will.

Ex-CIA official Bruce Riedel said in an interview on 1/29/2009 that ''In Pakistan, the jihadist Frankenstein monster that was created by the Pakistani army and the Pakistani intelligence service, is now increasingly turning on its creators. It's trying to take over the laboratory.'' Pakistani Army and Intelligence Service (ISI) chose to create this ‘jihadist Frankenstein monster’ with full blessings and financing by Pakistan ’s democratic governments in 1990s.

Sandy Berger, Bill Clinton’s national security advisor told 9/11 Commission in March, 2004 that ’Pakistani Army was the midwife of Taliban’.

Declassified DIA Washington D.C., "IIR (intelligence Information Report) Pakistan Involvement in Afghanistan ," dated November 7, 1996 states how " Pakistan 's ISI is heavily involved in Afghanistan ," and also details different roles various ISI officers play in Afghanistan . Stating that Pakistan uses sizable numbers of its Pashtun-based Frontier Corps in Taliban-run operations in Afghanistan , the document clarifies that, "these Frontier Corps elements are utilized in command and control; training; and when necessary combat“.

Declassified U.S. Department of State, Cable "Pakistan Support for Taliban" from Islamabad dated Sept. 26, 2000 states that "while Pakistani support for the Taliban has been long-standing, the magnitude of recent support is unprecedented." In response Washington orders the U.S. Embassy in Islamabad to immediately confront Pakistani officials on the issue and to advise Islamabad that the U.S. has "seen reports that Pakistan is providing the Taliban with materiel, fuel, funding, technical assistance and military advisors. [The Department] also understand[s] that large numbers of Pakistani nationals have recently moved into Afghanistan to fight for the Taliban, apparently with the tacit acquiescence of the Pakistani government." Additional reports indicate that direct Pakistani involvement in Taliban military operations has increased.

So Pakistan is suffering from self-inflicted wounds created by its own military as well as democratic governments and will contonue to suffer as long as it shelters, harbors, supports and nurtures innmerable terrorrist outfits on its soil.

 

ZAID HAMID

1:00 AM ET

June 14, 2010

Brainless Lal Qila

You're the same Lal Qila. Enjoy a dose of your own medicine.

 

ASHOK2718

5:57 AM ET

June 14, 2010

Hey orange

make a point. In the end all you will be left with is hindoo this hindoo that, jews this jews that...... ad nauseam. Your problem is you are defending a wrong side. You are a traitor to your nation you terrorism supporting ass.

ORANGE: Maybe we should invite all terrorists to the finest hotels in pakistan and give them free food and stay for 15 to 20 years and that will quench their fires of revenge on whosoever speaks against them.
ME: Mr orange what an excellent idea.
ORANGE: And then maybe we will also think about giving every children in pakistan an iphone.
ME: brilliant superb

Orange -----------------> The next noble peace prize winner.

Also some hindoo wise man once said you musalmaan you should study persian what will you do with maths and you know who were the first to take that advice and implement it? your mullahs.

Next traitor orange's message will contain some diatribe about hindoos and India.

My real question is can i procrastinator ever change ? huh orange ??