Do Ask, Must Tell

Turkey's military doesn't just discriminate against gays -- it humiliates them.

BY PIOTR ZALEWSKI | DECEMBER 4, 2010

ISTANBUL — As the United States considers repealing the ban on gays serving in the military, they might want to consider consulting their allies in NATO with whom they serve in Afghanistan and Iraq. The vast majority of the organization's 28-member states allow gays to serve openly. But Turkey offers an instructive, and extreme, contrast.

Where the U.S. "don't ask, don't tell" policy has been the subject of fierce political debate since it was launched by Bill Clinton's administration two decades ago, Turkey's ban has seen few public challenges. When Turkey's minister for women's and family affairs, Selma Aliye Kavaf, declared this March that homosexuality is a "disease that needs treatment," she wasn't just pandering to popular belief; she was repeating the official stance of the Turkish armed forces. Indeed, Turkey's gay conscripts are routinely forced to endure humiliation and abuse at the hands of their country's military authorities.

What makes that fate especially terrible is that it's practically impossible for Turkish men to avoid exposure to military life, and the burden is on them to prove they are unfit for service. Every man between 20 and 41 years old is required to serve at least six months. Exemptions are granted only under two conditions: a mental or physical disability, and homosexuality. Turkey does not recognize the right to conscientious objection.

Fearing rejection by relatives and discrimination by potential employers, many gay men have chosen to lie to army doctors about their sexual orientation. "Because you're asked at every job interview to say whether you've completed your military service, and to explain why not, the decision to get an exemption brands you for life," says S., a gay draftee in his mid-20s, over coffee at a restaurant in Istanbul. "Some people decide to deny their homosexuality and enter the army instead." (To protect the identities of certain people interviewed for this article, their names have been abbreviated with their first initial.)

Many gays also conceal their sexual orientation to avoid the humiliation of having to prove it. According to the official commentary to the army's health regulation, for a homosexual to be exempted from service, "documentary evidence must prove that the defects in sexual behavior are obvious and would create problems when revealed in a military context." In the military's understanding, says L., a psychiatrist with experience on military health panels, "If a man is gay, it's not a problem as long as he is not behaving that way." According to S., "You have to prove that your homosexuality prevents you from being a soldier, from holding a gun, that it makes you effeminate, that it might affect your safety and make you vulnerable, and that it might endanger the unity of the military." 

To seek exemption, therefore, many gay men have to endure pseudo-scientific tests designed to appraise both their homosexuality and the extent to which it might render them "unfit" for service. "Parts of the test I took included having to draw a picture of a tree, a house, and a person," says S. "You're given a lot of crayons, and then you have to answer why you drew things the way you did." Other gay conscripts report having been asked whether they liked playing with dolls as children or enjoyed wearing women's clothing. Military psychiatrists who know better have to pretend that there is a scientific value to such examinations, says L., "because it's in the regulations."

Astoundingly, some gays also report that they were asked to produce photographs showing them as participants in anal intercourse. Even then, Turkish authorities are said to apply special criteria. According to the military, and Turkish society at large, penetrating another man does not necessarily qualify as a homosexual act; only being penetrated is undisputedly homosexual. Hence the unwritten rule when it comes to such photos: "The man should be in the passive position, receiving from behind," L. explains, "and looking at the camera. Preferably while smiling."

Adam Altan/AFP

 SUBJECTS:
 

Piotr Zalewski is the Turkey correspondent for Polityka, Poland's bestselling news-magazine. His work has also appeared in The National, The Atlantic.com, Insight Turkey, and Turkish Policy Quarterly.

NICHOLAS WIBBERLEY

10:03 PM ET

December 3, 2010

Storm in a teacup

According to the article, all Turkish men are required to serve at least six months in the army, which seems a perfectly sensible obligation in this war torn world. Surely they are capable of training and carrying out their other duties without their sexuality being an issue? That the military does not want soldiers behaving in an overtly effeminate manner seems reasonable. In the past it is likely that anyone readily identified as effeminate would have been rejected anyway.

This suggests that those interviewed here are simply young men claiming a taste for passive homosexuality as a means of avoiding national service; the fact that they do have such predilections is really neither here nor there since it is not necessary or desirable to have people exposing their sexuality during a six-month training period, military or otherwise. What this actually reflects may be a newfound antipathy for national service. Since homosexuality and military service are not mutually exclusive, homosexuality is simply providing a loophole for one group of men to get out of it. As for the system employed to verify the claims, it may well be incomprehensible to the authorities that anyone would seek to avoid such a patriotic obligation and they are likely highly suspicious of it. The issue has simply passed through a mirror so that something designed to exclude flamboyant passive homosexuals from the service is now being employed by some recruits to avoid it.

It is also perfectly understandable that the US, a society riddled with liberalism, would twist the circumstances and seek to make an issue of them.

 

KRADIAC

5:28 AM ET

December 4, 2010

Forcing Kurds to fight their own brothers!

I was not impressed by the oppression of gays in Turkish military.I do understand Islamist Turkey and EU have a deep gulf to bridge in terms of value systems. But for me making Kurds and other minorities who are oppressed by Turkish state to fight the brothers is unfortunate but not surprising or horrifying.US should fully support possibly with help of Israelis PKK in both Iraq,Iran and Turkey...independent Kurdistan along with Balochistan(combing parts of Iran&Pakistan Balochistan) and Balwaristan(combining parts of Pakistan occupied Kashmir,Gilgit-baltistan,Aksai Chin..and help them in uniting with Jammu&Kashmir as an autonomous province part of India..)..so that the artificial lines drawn by Imperial Britain pandering to regional sycophant elites can be undone.

 

DAVID COORS

10:36 AM ET

December 7, 2010

I remember well my military service in Turkey.

I remember well my military service in Turkey. Who can forget! It was like a true hell on Earth. Much worse than hell actually. I was under constant psychological and physical torture: beating, very bad and very little food, very bad or no hygiene, insults and obscene language, insults to my family members like mother, father and siblings, zero recreation, very bad sleeping quarters with no heating in near zero centigrade temperature or ventilation in 50+ deg/centigrade (let alone air conditioning), busted pipes flooding the floors.

TSK violated every word and merit of Geneva convention for POWs. Being a POW in communist Russia would be much better. If government and parliament are serious about what they are saying, they should reform military by educating every single military officer, not as pashas and zabits, but as officers of the Democratic Republic of Turkiye, to be perfectly respectful to human rights of both civilian citizens and enlisted members of the military until they truly recognize that enlisted members of the military and citizens of Turkiye are not pasha's slaves and they all have unalienable basic human rights and freedoms.

The worst of all, nobody, nobody including members of parliment, police, clergy, parents of the abused (including my parents) nobody gave a damn.

 

ENLISTENZ

1:55 AM ET

December 4, 2010

Liberalsim?

Turkey is not being asked to deploy against Islamist states or those supporting Islamist terrorists. Turkish troops are only in the softest NATO deployments, like the Balkans. What sort of combat are they trying to avoid by claiming homosexuality?

 

NICHOLAS WIBBERLEY

4:25 AM ET

December 4, 2010

Combat

I don’t imagine they are trying to avoid ‘combat’ but simply don’t want to do their army service. Were Turkey to be overrun by hordes of barbarian invaders, they would likely be as courageous as anyone in defence their country; it’s just that they don’t want to do the training. Tough cheese! The article is slanted to a US human rights view of the world and makes it appear the guys are victims when in fact they have walked straight (sic) into the position they complain of occupying. Personally I do not think the word ‘homosexual’ should be used as a noun because it has a finality about it that in no way reflects either the gradations or the continuum of sexual impulse.

The author here says that many gay men “have chosen to lie to army doctors about their orientation”. What astonishes me about that claim is the notion that one of the questions at a recruitment medical would ask such a thing and I would like proof of that before accepting it.

The business of producing photographic evidence of passive homosexual activity does indeed raise an eyebrow but at least it is unequivocal and would serve to cover the doctor should the recalcitrant recruit later be seen cavorting with nubile bimbos or be involved in a paternity suit.

 

JCGUNN

5:19 PM ET

December 4, 2010

Yet Another Meaningless AntiTurkish Rant

My last oversea tour in the U.S. Army was in Turkey. My unit was small, about half the personnel were Turks, all of whom had served on active duty, and were still in the reserves, some in their fifties.

Universal Military Service, not a "selective" draft, is the rule. The purpose is to promote national unity among a diverse people,as well as provide a defense force.

 

AERODOG

7:20 AM ET

December 5, 2010

I call 'NON-ISSUE.' The

I call 'NON-ISSUE.' The article clearly notes that gays are REQUIRED to serve in the military, just like everybody else. This is the very essence of "NON-DISCRIMINATION." "Gayness" is an exceptable issue only if the candidate wishes to contend that he cannot serve because of his disabling gayness. The only ones complaining about their reception in the article here are those males trying to avoid military service by asserting they are too gay to serve - a dubious concept at best. Naturally, it is expected that they will PROVE that they are gay in the first place, and somehow disabled by it in the second. Turkey should solve this by requiring alternative service from those thus 'disabled.'
The article's author surprisingly presents this with a "look at the poor gay victims here" Progressive-Obamanistic approach, but I doubt many people find this particular slant to be persuasive. After all, if you're truly "gay friendly", then how can you define simply being gay as a disability?

 

SAM FROM CALIFORNIA

11:10 AM ET

December 6, 2010

What?

what the hell does Obama have to do with this?

and don't you think the issue of how "gay" you have to be to get disqualified is an issue? can they boot you out for wanting to have sex w men?

 

WALKING WOUNDED

2:48 PM ET

December 5, 2010

Ask, but don't tell?

Worthwhile read, thx BD.

Forced military service has always been a cousin to imprisonment, in terms of creating scaffolding and atmosphere institutional abuse. Forcing people into barracks or camp conditions creates behavioral anomalies, as well as a breeding ground for disease. At the end of the Azerbaijan-Armenian war, tuberculosis in the ranks was running around 30%.

In the US basic training system, recruits used to be stressed to the point where they're almost certain to contract a cold or flu during training, making that part of the 'normal' indoctrination experience. What goes round, comes round. Literally. Like the 1918 pandemic.

The 21st century wars are coming home, in ways potentially far worse than suicide jihadism.

 

HOTSHOT

4:20 PM ET

December 6, 2010

not interesting at all ,this article didnt give us any new info

who care about all that ,this article didnt give us any new information.
, we all know that turkey try to look good all the time with the freedom and equall rights, but the true (that we all know )is that
turkey is an old fashion country ,corrupt government ,control by the islam, the baby of iran.
no wonder the eurupian union dont want any part of this shithole.

if there are any turks that listen , leave the country now!! specially if you are a woman, soon you will all have to cover your had and all other part of your body, your governmant talk about love and peace--,all lies. what happan with the kurds!!, why this is the only county that is friend with iran!!!!!!

what im trying to say is that this article didnt give us any new information.
this country in the last few years is based on hate ,lies,and discrmination.
the public need to wake up before it will be too late and base on teror!!

 

PUBLICUS

5:13 PM ET

December 6, 2010

The USA is exceptional, even if it takes a while

Public opinion and beliefs in the US now decidedly favor gays serving in the military to include of course in combat roles. This is a rapid and dynamic reversal of previous attitudes held over the past several generations.

The fact is, as Gen Wesley Powell and many other US brass hats have noted often and over time, including the present Joint Chiefs of Staff and its chairman, gays always have served in the US military, from the initial skirmishes against native Americans from 1620, to include of course the "Big One," WW II and up to the present, gays have served in the military. The official US prohibition against gays in the military is only a phenomenon of very recent US history. US law had previously been silent, neutral, on the issue. Indeed throughout history, and especially In modern, sophisticated societies and cultures, laws reflect the fact that gays in the military is not an inherent problem, or a cultural or military issue at all.

To its detriment the current government of Turkeys continues to remove itself increasingly from Europe, in particular membership of the European Union, and from rational secular human values and diversity in general. They miss the point that diversity is a strength, that homogeneity is a limitation, a self confining and self retarding constriction.

Well done to the article above for pointing out that this former viable EU candidate state Turkey (and it certainly is Turkey) is being, in my words, reactionary in more ways than one. Although a significant omission by the notable writer is the views of the Turkey military in the matter, to include the views of the Turkey high command; more importantly the officer ranks and the rank and file of the enlisted military personnel. I mean, for thousands of years, as in every other country on the planet, Turkish military combatants gay and straight have fought side by side against their foreign enemy. The military record and the teachings at major military academies in advanced societies do not specifically single out gay combatants as somehow inherently incapable or as unreliable. There is nothing of the sort.

The US being a democracy, its military was just recently polled in confidentiality and the results are conclusive that gays are trusted, as they have been trusted throughout (all of) history to be reliable comrades in arms. The fact is that In the military we know sooner or later who is gay and it almost always makes no difference in our attitudes towards gay military comrades. Indeed, history clearly and indisputably shows the Spartans promoted and encouraged -- I say history records the Spartans promoted and encouraged -- homosexuality among its fierce combatants as a way and means of fostering a greater unified and interdependent fighting spirit. The Buddhist country of Thailand, as one such instance, encourages separate gay military units, not because of discrimination, but because they, as with the Spartan combat units have a homosexual affinity that causes them to fight more fiercely for one another, which military strategists/tacticians agree is the primary motive in the immediate ferocity of battle. Segregation gay military units is not necessarily an imperative or desirable, it's just that the point of comraderie and esprit de corps is further clarified and enhanced by the military policy of the Thai government.

As with every fiercely religious theistic people everywhere, the Muslim Jurks or Turkey have much to learn, appreciate and to acquire concerning human beings and the human condition, which of course certainly means human rights and respect. The burden on the Turks remains great and heavy in this respect.

 

PUBLICUS

8:09 PM ET

December 6, 2010

General officers

Most recently that's of course Gen Wesley Clark who was Supreme Allied Commander of NATO and General Colin Powell, who was Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, among others such as former JCS Chairman Gen John Shalikashvili. The Geo W Bush generals of course were silent on the issue, although Gen Powell was privately supportive before his recent public support given that Gen Powell now is in retirement and out of the Bush presidency as Bush's lapdog SecState.

The political generals, such as Alexander Haig who were advanced during Republican party presidencies, beginning with Nixon, always were silent on the issue, or in discrete ways indicated their disapproval of gays in the military.

Other senior flag officer generals and admirals, such as those I mention, to include JCS Adm Mike Mullin, are unreservedly in support of the fact and reality that gays always have served in the military. They also support the fact that straights and bisexuals always have served in the US military -- it's just that in the recent past gay/bi/lesbos could not serve openly in or to the public.

There are political generals (admirals) such as Gen Haig, and there are the general's generals such as, to name one serving general, Gen Petraeus. The one serves his political master, others serve the military and the country.

 

PUBLICUS

8:47 PM ET

December 6, 2010

Turkey Generals

There can be no question the Islamic government of Turkeys is searching out and making clear to Turkey generals that, in order to advance through the ranks -- i.e., become religious-political generals -- they must support and toe the strict theistic Islamic line that homosexuals cannot serve in the military if they can prove they have, in the ancient and decrepit discredited idea, a behavioral disorder, that they are mentally, morally socially defective.

The Turkeys in the government of the country are enforcing notions of the awful and exclusive, moribund past that are rooted in ignorance and which would take us back both in time and in precious human progress attained at great cost and sacrifice. While the Turkey Islamists don't cut anything off in this respect, they do reduce human beings and their human dignity to abnomible levels, and they so so shamelessly and with great self righteosness.

Pathetic; reactionary.

 

NCGDS

6:01 PM ET

December 10, 2010

this subject was covered in der spiegel

The subject of this article was already covered in der spiegel.
http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/0,1518,726903,00.html
I think it is dishonest, to say the least, to cover the same subject without referring to your source. In academia it is called plagiarism.
Majority of FP readers may not speak in German, but they are not stupid.
The smell of plagiarism is rotten and something that FP readers surely do not aim for...

 

KEVSER

3:36 AM ET

December 14, 2010

i had a look and it looks to

i had a look and it looks to me more like two journalists working on the same beat. plus the guy from FP seems to have worked on the spiegel piece as well. he is listed as a contributor at the bottom.

 

NCGDS

4:16 AM ET

December 14, 2010

I am aware that it is a kind

I am aware that it is a kind of joint work...
However that fact does not give the right to ignore the other guy's contribution.
At least "der spiegel" guy was decent enough to mention the other contributor's name.
However we are living in a competitive world, decency doesn't count that much...
Does it?

 

HOTSHOT

5:00 PM ET

December 17, 2010

shame, shame, shame

so we all agree
this guy copy an old story that was compose by some one else,
i knew it !!!
i heard the same story long time ago, i agree with ncgds.
where is the decency?!!
let me give you an edvice

don't copy

shame, shame,shame.