Bitter Medicine

Britain's prime minister grabs the third rail of national politics: the National Health Service.

BY ALEX MASSIE | FEBRUARY 1, 2011

A recent issue of the British Medical Journal posed a simple question by way of making a cynical joke: "What do you call a government that embarks on the biggest upheaval of the NHS [National Health Service] in its 63 year history, at breakneck speed, while simultaneously trying to make unprecedented financial savings?"

So went the punch line: "The politically correct answer has got to be: mad." As it so often does, this satire had a serious intention: namely, to warn Prime Minister David Cameron that any reforms to the NHS will be met with fierce resistance. The journal was not alone in drawing this line in the sand. Opposition politicians and labor unions also rallied to the flag of resisting reform. One union leader warned that the government's plans invited a "Titanic-sized" disaster.

The NHS is the unrivaled third rail of British political life: Britain's National Health Service, free for all at the point of use, is more than just another public good. It's hailed as the crowning glory of the post-1945 peace dividend, and even though its health outcomes are mixed at best, heaven help any British politician who dares suggest it might not be as fundamentally sound, and morally praiseworthy, as Britons like to think it is.

In seizing the issue, Cameron has made a convincing show of boldness, but might have also set the terms by which his political fate will eventually be determined. However severely the prime minister has slashed other sectors of government spending and however inauspicious the country's latest growth figures -- GDP shrunk 0.5 percent in the final quarter of 2010 -- it's the NHS reforms that are seen as the most controversial. The government needs a plan for economic growth, but it also needs to show that, despite what the Labour Party argues, the NHS is "safe in Conservative hands," as Cameron puts it.

Health care has long been a problem area for the Conservatives. That's why Cameron very concertedly excluded the NHS from the platform of government spending cuts, including reductions in welfare payments for the unemployed, and large layoffs in most government departments. His plan instead centers on introducing mechanisms for greater competition -- including, crucially, on price -- for the treatments offered by the NHS while also introducing market incentives to health-care providers. The idea is that consortiums of general practitioners will soon be able to choose from a variety of health-care treatments when "purchasing" treatments for their patients. In that way, hospitals will have to compete with one another for business.

Although the NHS will remain paid for by general taxation and free at the point of use, the aim is to build a more flexible service more responsive to patient needs that's less bureaucratic and better able to adapt to changing market demands. The downside might be that an already complex service will become still more complicated and susceptible. Critics note that Cameron's plan will spark a "race to the bottom," in the words of NHS Partners Network, a prominent health-care provider interest group, in which price, not quality, determines the availability of health care.

For all the furor that the thought of cutting the NHS inspires, the truth is that the British health system is thoroughly mediocre. It produces, by international standards, moderate outcomes for a moderate outlay. Cancer death rates, for example, are around 6 percent higher than the European average. Most Britons will admit that every good experience in the labyrinthine system that employs more than 1.4 million people is matched by an equally miserable or frustrating encounter. Waiting times for treatment -- once the most-publicized failing -- have fallen, but for many the system remains too slow, too unresponsive, and too inefficient. Moreover, there's little transparency. Patients frequently have little access to public information about how good their local hospitals really are. So it's fair to say that complaints about plans to change the NHS are as common as complaints about the NHS itself.

 SUBJECTS: BRITAIN, EUROPE
 

Alex Massie writes for the Spectator.

MYSTIKIEL

10:50 PM ET

February 1, 2011

Actually, the UK spends the sleast of any West European

country, with the exception of Finland and possibly Ireland, and gets average health outcomes as a result. So rather than moderate outlays for a moderate return, the UK spends less than average and gets an average return.

You might be wondering why Mr Massie doesnt have any specific suggestions as to how the UK should run a better health service. To some extent that is largely because he is a right-wing toady who writes for the Spectator, and the conservatives are all at sea when it comes to healthcare. While people may complain about single-payer systems there is little doubt that they are cheaper to run than public-private hybrid systems (such as the Swiss system that is about 25% more expensive per person) or largely unregulated private systems (such as the US healthcare system that costs twice as much as the NHS and delivers much worse outcomes).

Those are the simple facts but the conservatives are loath to admit it, for ideological reasons. And so we see occasional half-hearted hit pieces like this, from journalists too dishonest to concede the benefits of the NHS and too gutless to reveal their true intentions on the issue.

That aside, Mr Massie is perfectly correct when he says that the voters would immediately crucify any government that dared to touch the NHS. What he omits to mention is that their reasons for doing so have a perfectly valid basis.

 

DEREK VAN LESSEN

1:23 AM ET

February 2, 2011

The future of the British National Health Service (NHS)

I totally agree with the above. I also have the perception that the NHS has improved over the last 15 years. I was involved in the NHS for a couple of years and was surprised to find mixed wards. The hospital in which I worked had just had a new wing added and so this archaic system was ended. But without increased investment will this practice be completely eliminated.
I also read that although currently outcomes for patients with cancer are poorer than in many other European countries, there has been a marked improvement over recent years and if this improvement is maintained the NHS will become above average if not a world beater. I have a terrible fear that these kinds of improvements are in jeopardy.
We are told, by the current government, that change is absolutely necessary. However, change is very expensive and will take up the energies of people now trying to improve outcomes. Will the current improvements be put into reverse? The electorate will punish a government that gets this wrong and I for one am very suspicious of their intentions and do not understand how the changes will bring improvement.

 

DOM WYNN

5:35 AM ET

February 2, 2011

Dellusions

The above comments reflect so much of the blinkered nature of the debate.

The core of Cameron's point is that the issue is the direction the trends are headed in. After you strip out inflation the NHS budget has increased in real terms from £400Million in 1947 to £120Billion in 2010. An average increase of 4% a year for over *60 years*.
A modernisation programme has pushed that increase to 8% over over the last 7 years.
Discussion regarding this is painfully elided by misinformation and also an interesting diadectic approach which benchmarks the spending as a % of GDP (so figures of between 6-9% get trotted out). Once however you look at the spending as a % of Public spending the spending direction becomes clear.
NHS Budget
1980 - £11.8 Billion - 11% of PS
1990 - £29.3 Billion - 14% of PS
2000 - £49.1. Billion - 19.1 % of PS
2010 - £120 Billion - 24.1% of PS
The country cannot afford the direction this is headed in, especially in relation to demographic trends, and yet the contorted nature of this debate means that these figures are not publically discussed because 1) Labour wants to ensure that the public are persuaded that they are the champions of the NHS 2) the Tories do not want to be seen as potential NHS hooligans.

The sad reality is tho that structurally the public purse will go bankrupt before the public get to see outcomes that reflect their assumptions on how the NHS ought to be.

 

DOM WYNN

7:36 AM ET

February 2, 2011

want to buy an Edit button..

*Didactic not Diadectic

 

WOMBLE

10:56 AM ET

February 2, 2011

"mediocre" NHS - UK/US Comparison

The NHS is not perfect, and with yet another restructuring, may improve or worsen. I have my fears it will be the latter but it is beside the point.

I would query however that it delivers "modest outcomes for a modest outlay".
Consider health spending per capita in 2009 ($) 2815, US 6719, France 3420. Life expectancy - UK 80, US - 78, France - 78. Further figures on hospital beds, number of doctors and so on at http://www.who.int/whosis/whostat/2009/en/index.html.

The above suggest the NHS delivers a service equal to other countries at a bargain price. Furthermore, and crucial to the widespread affection in which it is held, the NHS is equitable. If you are living in lifelong poverty or are well-off the NHS service provided will be equal.

That certainly compares very favourably to the deeply unbalanced, inequitable, profit-based US system, that bizarrely some politicians are holding up as an example to be copied!

Each system has its advantages and disadvantages - the NHS historically did poorly in waiting times, the (fast improving) rates of survival with coronary heart disease are below European averages. But equally everyone has heard of US horror stories of people unable to access cancer care due to cost or bankrupted by the cost of medically easily manageable chronic disease.

Reasoned, evidence based debate is needed not bitter polemics like the article presented here.

 

WOMBLE

10:58 AM ET

February 2, 2011

edit button def needed!

sorry French life expectancy in 2009 was 82

 

DEREK VAN LESSEN

6:23 AM ET

February 3, 2011

The NHS

During my time working on wards within the NHS I found that most nurses were compassionate and caring. They engaged with their patients and tried to make sure that they were as comfortable as possible. Some nurses were brusque but this was often in order to complete all the tasks they had to do. Those who needed help with their meals, were helped. I have spent many hours helping to feed elderly patients. The food although not always imaginative was on the whole nutritious. Patients were assessed by dieticians and given food appropriate to their needs. People with special dietary needs, such as those needing a low sodium diet or for religious or ethical reasons, were catered for.

An elderly person ward requires a high ratio of nurses to patients. Even though sometimes the ratio approached one to one, there often was not time to stay and hold a hand of a patient and just comfort them. There was the constant need to wash patients who might have diarrhoea; to monitor their vital signs; to dress patients; to help them to toilets; to feed and give medication. I saw the very best nurses spending time massaging creams on to patients with dry skin.

There is always more that you would like to do to make a patient feel comfortable and cared for. The nurses on the wards were mostly conscientious; came from every corner of the world and were not sullen.

 

JOEYFOTO.FR

9:24 AM ET

February 3, 2011

National Health Care UK style...jt

This is what predictably happens then a Conservative government continues to add patients and services to a health-care system without the proportional addition of money,

Maggie Thatcher said: "The trouble with socialism is that eventually you run out of other people's money" She didn't bother to say that when you take the people's money then spend it on absurd foreign military adventures, there's not enough left to provide the services that the people give you their money to deliver.

We should not put down the British system too much. Thus could become the model for American health care... Discussing health care systems makes me glad I live in France.

 

BARBARA SZ.

2:34 PM ET

March 1, 2011

To some extent that is

To some extent that is largely because he is a right-wing toady who writes for the Spectator, and the conservatives are all at sea when it comes to healthcare. While sazky people may complain about single-payer systems there is little doubt that they are cheaper to run than public-private hybrid systems (such as the Swiss system that is about 25% more expensive per person) or largely unregulated private systems (such as the US healthcare system that costs twice sazky as much as the NHS and delivers much worse outcomes).I offer a certainty for a PhD thesis topic: how the American invasion altered the socialist medical system in Iraq. Pre-invasion, you got sick, you saw the doctor and perhaps went to hospital, and the State paid for it. Horrified by this, the provisional occupational authority brought in a civilian authority on how health was cared for in the United States sazky , and he went back to Minnesota smugly happy for having installed fee-for-service (at probably the time of greatest need for health care in Iraq's history). Few Iraqis saw any reason to pay the doctor for things that had always been free, and of course, whatever was passing for the government of Iraq at the time had stopped paying their stipends.They engaged with their patients and tried to sazky make sure that they were as comfortable as possible. Some nurses were brusque but this was often in order to complete all the tasks they had to do. Those who needed help with their meals, were helped. I have spent many hours helping to feed elderly patients. The food although not always imaginative was on the whole nutritious. sazky .Patients were assessed by dieticians and given food appropriate to their needs. People with special dietary needs, such as those needing a low sodium diet or for religious or ethical reasons, were catered for.