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FP Book Club: Donald Rumsfeld's 'Known and Unknown'

An FP discussion on the controversial former defense secretary's long-awaited memoirs.

FEBRUARY 4, 2011

Not only is Donald Rumsfeld one of the most reviled -- and most intensely defended -- defense secretaries of all time, but he has also become a stand-in for some of the signature security debacles of the Bush era. Guantánamo. Abu Ghraib. The Iraq invasion. So it's no surprise people would have a lot to say about his new and surprisingly intimate memoirs, Known and Unknown -- to date the only insider account of Bush's foreign policy written by someone at such a high level. We went to a bevy of experts and writers to get the full scoop on what Rumsfeld means now -- and what the new book doesn't say.

Bradley Graham: Does Rumsfeld's Book Come Years Too Late?

Peter Baker: Rumsfeld's Secret Tensions With Bush

Thomas E. Ricks: The Two Things Rumsfeld and I Agree On

Kori Schake: Rumsfeld Was the Iago to Bush's Othello

Peter Feaver: Can Rumsfeld Explain His Delay on Katrina?

William Inboden: Should He Have Quit While He Was Ahead ... In 1974?

 SUBJECTS: MILITARY, NORTH AMERICA
 

JUAN67

11:53 PM ET

February 4, 2011

Rumsfeld is a war criminal,

Rumsfeld is a war criminal, but unfortunately International justice only targets the developing world,

 

HILLBILLY BRETT

1:41 AM ET

February 5, 2011

Rumsfeld is not a war criminal

If you will remember, The United States got involved with Iraq following UN Security Council Resolutions: Resolution 660, Resolution 661, Resolution 678, Resolution 686, Resolution 687, Resolution 688, Resolution 707, Resolution 715, Resolution 986, Resolution 1189, Resolution 1284 and unanomously passed UNSC Resolution 1441... To name just a few (there are many more that Saddam thumbed his nose at)

President Bush stated "What good are these resolutions if they are not enforced?"

The only one of 26 provisions that weren't fullfilled by the invasion was "Weapons of Mass Destruction" (an Issue raised by Bill Clinton to justify bombing Iraq in "Operation: Desert Fox" in his 1998 State of the Union Address.) though 819 tons of military grade explosives were destroyed by US forces.

China wanted to veto use of force in reciprocity to the US criticizing China's human rights violations.

Russia wanted to veto because the US was encroaching into it's realm of traditional influence and several high ranking officials held interests in Iraq's oil fields.

Rummy was not involved with Abu Ghraib or waterboarding prisoners. Beleive it or not, he was actually very upset over those incidents (I was too). It gave our enemies a reason to start killing people.

The "Attrocities" committed by American's do go punished. There are many American's serving life sentances or facing death for their crimes of war.

We exact our own punnishment - rather than going to the world courts. The world courts are just for those who face no trial for their crimes.

I could go on and on about how Secretary Rumsfeld is completely innocent of any crimes - but you really have to be more specific in your accusations.

We can't exactly humiliate the United States and execute him on international television just because you might be a virulent hater of Republicans.

I am a Democrat, by the way, but not a hater.

 

AMASIAM

2:10 AM ET

February 5, 2011

Bush new, but Rumsfeld did not?

I find it extremely difficult to believe that Bush (by his own words) authorized torture and Rumsfeld was unaware.

 

HILLBILLY BRETT

2:42 AM ET

February 5, 2011

Correction

819,000 tons of explosives were destroyed - in the first year.

 

JUAN67

12:06 AM ET

February 6, 2011

Non of the resolutions u

Non of the resolutions u mentioned authorizes the invasion , many unbiased ppl said that including Kofi Amanda , France and Germany. The invasion was and still illegal according to the UN and nothing u say can change history. It makes no difference if u r a republican or a democrat because the majority of the 2 houses supported the invasion based on "Inaccurate Intel."
UN said da invasion is illegal this makes all ppl behind it a bunch of outlaws starting with bush.

 

JUAN67

12:08 AM ET

February 6, 2011

It s Kofi Anan,, my stupid

It s Kofi Anan,, my stupid phone

 

CEOUNICOM

6:36 PM ET

February 6, 2011

He is not guilty of any crime...

...other than being the greatest failure of a defense secretary since Macnamara

Read "Cobra II", and tell me he's a brilliant strategist. And that's not a political polemic - its the most detailed account of how every decision he made regarding Iraq was the absolute worst one possible.

And he blames bremer... when Bremer was HIS guy. He shortchanged and then evicted garner, guaranteeing from the outset that there would be never be any working State Dept people on the ground... first he delayed anyone working on 'post-iraq'; then when a team was put together he isolated them and provided no budget or resources; then when they got on the ground, he immediately changed his staff and kicked them out. If that wasnt an INTENTIONAL desire to have no capable individuals involved in post-iraq management, it doesn't even matter = the results of his meddling ensured that everything was going to go to hell. He screwed the whole thing up before it even started, and compounded his errors over and over after it had begun. Anyone defending his record is either ignorant, or consciously misrepresenting history.

Rumsfeld was a failure. And on top of his failure is the total lack of any sense of responsibility for his failures. Macnamara spent decades issuing mea culpas for his mistakes. Rumsfeld will go to his grave blaming everyone else for things he simultaneously claims weren't really mistakes anyway. Thats basically his twisted rhetoric: "Nothing went wrong and it wasn't my fault anyway".

 

AARKY

4:47 PM ET

February 7, 2011

Hill Billy Brett--Too many of

Hill Billy Brett--Too many of your assertions are outright lies!! Rather than being a sychophant for Rumsfeld, you should start reading the books that show this man to be a willing and knowledgable war criminal. "Hubris", "Fiasco". "The Price of Loyalty", "Against All Enemies", "Worse than Watergate", "On the Brink", "The Terror Presidency", "State of War", "The Dark Side". A few of the many articles that are also out there: "The New Pentagon Papers", "The Torture Memo", "Tortured Reasoning", "The Downing Street Memo", "Sham Dunk: Cooking Intelligence for the President". The information in these books and articles would be more than enough to convict Cheney, Bush, and a group of about 15 others for war crimes. I can hardly wait for Cheney's book to be published. It will be an even bigger lie than Rumsfeld's.

 

WHISKEYPAPA

9:46 AM ET

February 11, 2011

Fiasco

"Fiasco" is a pretty good book on all this.

I thought it was better than "Cobra II" which was good also.

Just sayin'

Walt

 

GARNET

2:28 PM ET

February 11, 2011

Punishment for atrocities?

Except that the US didn't. The US never did the work necessary to find out who in the upper reaches of the military command knew about Abu Gharib, knew about the other illegal detentions of hundreds if not thousands of Iraqis, who knew about their torture and has not ever determined who in the higher ranks was responsible.

What strikes me about all of these reviews of Rumsfield's books, is that there is no discussion about whether or not the decisions to use full fledged military force in both/either Afghanistan and/or Iraq was an error and if so, what role Rumsfield played or did not play in making them happen.

There is no discussion about Bush II's formulation of his incredibly aggressive & warmongering "pre-emptive invasion" policy or his administration's failure to make sure the troops were properly armored & equipped or to ramp up funding for the VA when it became (as it rapidly did) clear that neither illadvised invasion would be a "cake walk."

There is no discussion of whether or not it was necessary to remove the Taliban, who were not involved (according to anything I've read) in 09/11. The Bush administration had had no problems w/the Taliban prior to 09/11, despite their destruction of some historically & religiously important Buddhas. What Bush was proposing was that the Taliban give the US carte blanche, no questions asked, to do whatever it wanted in Afghanistan after 09/11, and then invaded Afghanistan because the Taliban rulers had difficulty making up their minds or were reluctant to permit such a wholesale invasion of by a foreign nation. Gee, I wonder how the US or France or the UK or Japan would react to such a request? Has the US ever acceded to any requests from other nations to come in and wipe out those members of the CIA who have arranged the assassinations of leaders in other nations? Coups? That would be a comparable or analogous situation.

Only one review even refers to the dominance of the neocon or PNAC's influence in the shaping of the Bush administration foreign policy and Rumsfield's perspective, assuming he demonstrates any in his book.

There is no discussion of why Iraq, rather than North Korea (which openly claims to have "weapons of mass destruction" and its willingness to use them--and did so during Bush II's terms) was invaded because--allegedly--of the fear of WMD use. Or, if "bringing democracy" was such a concern, why Myanmar, clearly a nation in great need of a more just form of government w/a strong bill of civil & human (not corporate) rights, was not the choice for an invasion. Instead, all the reviewers appear to unquestioningly accept these rationales, so there is no discussion of the underlying lack of logic or what might've been the actual reasons for Bush II's decisions and therefore reasons for the remarkably poor choices. Unless the reviewers think military involvement that has now lasted longer than WWII is a good thing and a success of some kind, other than a success/victory for all those military defense contractors who are becoming very wealthy from the proceeds of no bid, no real cost accounting required, over run costs expected military contracts.

Certainly none of what's happened appears to have made that part of the world any more peaceful or prosperous. In fact, it seems to have made one of the Bush enemies, Iran, stronger.

If the US was determined to get those "responsible" for the growth of Islamic fundamentalist/radical wings who focus some of their hatred on the US, and whose citizens were the majority of the 09/11 plane hijackers, why the US didn't invade Saudi Arabia? It's not like it's a secret that the Saudis, the Wahabbists, fund extremist Islamic groups.

In short, none of the reviewers examine the logic of the political beliefs or ideologies that at least appeared (or were alleged) to drive the foreign policy decisions of the Bush administration. They continue to accept the belief framework as created by the Bush Administration and that includes Rumsfield.

The only issue I agreed w/Rumsfield about was the need to change the way the US military fights, in that it's been my opinion, since Vietnam, that most of the armed conflicts the US would be engaged in would be guerilla warfare, not the warfare of WWII or even Korea. Whether it's guerrilla fighting in tropical areas & jungles or street fighting in urban areas, it was going to be more like parts of France (where it was farm field by farm field w/tanks that weren't suited to the terrain). There was & is a great need to develop an effective way of dealing with the specific & severe stresses of dealing with a population that you were charged w/protecting, "pacifiying/organizing" or being friendly with, as well as being aware that any one of those civilians could be setting up an IED or be a suicide bomber.

I agreed that it called for a different kind of organization. But I did not see that Rumsfield had any coherent & practical idea of what that new kind of military organization should be, nor did I see that Rumsfield was willing to learn from the few experiments in different ways of doing things the military had managed to do or from the officers w/the most experience--i.e., field officers. His trashing of Shineski is good example of how poor his choices & managerial skills are. As happened w/so most of the neocons neocons, his arrogance resulted in the suffering of hundreds of thousands of so many people--and achieved no useful purpose. Unless, again, you believe that making a number of military defense contractors very wealthy and further weakening the US economy are useful and worthy purposes/achievements.

Anyone who likens Iraq with what's happening in Egypt is, well, not stupid. but startlingly oblivious to the difference between "regime change" at the point of many guns and a what appears to be a grass roots citizen movement to make a government more responsive to the needs and wants of its more than a small elite number of its citizens. Moreover a regime that has been supported by the US via lots of foreign aid. There is a HUGE difference. HUGE. The push in Egypt is, as far as I can tell, coming from the inside, NOT the outside. It is not being imposed by a foreign nation (Egypt's sure had enough of that method of forcing change) and is, in fact, a revolt against an administration supported by the US while Hussein, had long ago lost the favor and support of the US. In addition, it has been remarkably non-violent, at least on the part of the demonstrators and particularly compared to an entire army complete w/vast numbers of weapons, rolling into Baghdad,, and the bombings, razings of neighborhoods, detentions of thousands of people that occurred/occur in Iraq.

They are two very very different events. For the time being, anyway.

 

VERBATIM

1:09 AM ET

February 5, 2011

Known and Unknown...

It is well known that Mr. Rumsfeld believed in a war "on the cheap" in Iraq. That was an enterprise known to be of unknown consequence, in the known sense that a) litlle was known about Iraq's WMD, b) even less was known about Iraq itself, and c) whatever else was known was the biggest unknown because it was all wrong.
What seems to be unknown, or little known, is how and why Osama Bin Laden, who was known to be close to the borders of Pakistan, was knowingly left unmolested when it was also known that he and his Taleban gang could have been blown to unknown little pieces, thus finishing one job known to have been started right.

 

HILLBILLY BRETT

2:37 AM ET

February 5, 2011

The Known

The Taliban guides on the Pakistani side were corrupt and took money from both sides and allowed some 200 fighters to escape.

In retrospect, GATOR mines and US Marines should have been used.

 

AMASIAM

1:57 AM ET

February 5, 2011

Still lying after all these years!

Give him credit where credit is due. He is consistent in his lies. The CIA's assessments were ignored by the Bush regime until they could find a jackass to carry their water while they attacked, outed and tried to bury those that would not. Does the name Valerie Plame ring any bells?

 

WHISKEYPAPA

9:47 AM ET

February 11, 2011

Tommy Franks

Tommy Franks sold out the troops for a book deal.

Walt

 

PULLER58

10:58 PM ET

February 5, 2011

Hokum

The old fraud is still at it. Somethings never change.

 

FORDNATICS

2:55 AM ET

February 6, 2011

egypt

Somethings never change.
jucarii pentru copii

 

ROFIMIKE

11:18 AM ET

February 6, 2011

Rumsfeld and Narrative Shaping

To touch on your final question:

What particularly irks me about Rumsfeld is how obsessed he appears to have been with narrative in combination with how bad he was at managing it.

The more we dig in, the more it appears Rumsfeld had a hand in messy PR moments like Lynch, Tillman, and Abu Ghraib. What strikes me about each case is how they're all centered on shaping a short term wave in the hopes of creating such a scene that the aftermath doesn't matter. If that's not a signature statement of Rumsfeld's decision-making on the larger issues in Iraq et al, I'm not sure what is.

The problem, of course, is that under any kind of scrutiny, the terraforming erodes. And it says a lot about him that Rumsfeld went with his same approach over and over again. Maybe he focused on the initial success and assumed the failure in its wake was just the "known unknown", the unpredictable chance of failure. Maybe he's inadvertently admitting his short-sightedness by latching onto that comment for the title of his book.

All of this is to say that of course Powell's State Department did a better job of shaping the narrative. But that's not for a lack of trying on Rumsfeld's part. It's for a lack of a sound approach, which is something the guy seems incapable of.

 

SORETE

6:43 PM ET

February 6, 2011

Typical redneck mentality.

Typical redneck mentality. Americans are domesticated like cattle in a feed lot, they are told what to think, how to think it and what to repeat when accused of something their government does in their name. Do they ever get tired of having to explain why THEY think that THEIR interests are ALWAYS more important than those of the rest of the world?... Hell no, and bush capitalized on that and decided to take Iraq, kill it's president and his two male sons to aggravate the insult, and DIRECTLY CAUSE the deaths of hundreds of thousands of Iraqi civilians and 5000+ american soldiers who would have otherwise been alive today were it not for the illegal invasion. The whole thing was a farce from day one. You could tell Powell didn't want to be at the UN explaining anything about mobile chemical weapon labs and other star treck crap. He knew, and he resigned when pushed to keep lying.
I remember the day a news channel mentioned Iraq as a possible target I knew that the lying was about to begin. While North Korea was threatening to launch nukes to South Korea, bush could care less.... He was going to invade Iraq and nothing was gonna stop him. Freedom? I lived in the US for many years, the illusion of freedom is what people buy while they get taxed out their asses with traffic tickets, city tickets, traffic cam tickets, county tickets, tickets for not mowing their lawns.... Land of the free? The United States incarcerates more of it's own citizens than any other country in the world. I wish I see the day bush is hung from a tree somewhere in Iran with other common criminals and left to rot until his body breaks off from his head and falls to the ground.

 

AARKY

5:06 PM ET

February 7, 2011

Rummy's excuses

Hill Billy Brett-- Col Larry Wilkerson was an aide to Colin Powell. He said that he only heard Powell shout twice and one time was when he found out about Abu Ghraib, and he was shouting at Rumsfeld over the phone. Very few papers have ever talked about the fact that approximately 100 men were killed with crude, brutish techniques in places like Kandahar, Bagram, or Guantanamo. Most of the deaths were caused by beatings or hypothermia and it was carried out by Special Ops troops. incompetent Reservists, or contractors for the CIA. Read, "Taxi to the Dark Side", or "The Trial of Willy Brand". In that one case, the military doctors listed the cause of death as murder. This was only one of many, but of course Rummy knew nothing about it . He is still not as good a liar as Cheney and there is a trail of information that leads back to him.

 

ALEX_LERMAN

9:04 PM ET

February 7, 2011

Rummy was a big "the buck stops here" guy

back when he was preening and struttin' in his regular SecDef press conferences . And what conferences they were! I have never seen a better public speaker, or a more cowed and giggling press corps.

Funny though, after the war went sour, after catastrophe loomed - after catastrophe became politically okay to discuss in part because of Tom Ricks' FIASCO - where'd Rumsfeld go?

He got all quiet.

I thought the buck stopped with him.

Nah - it's Condi - yeah, it's Condi's fault!!!

 

LAZLO JAMF

5:49 PM ET

February 8, 2011

Snow Job

One facet of Rumsfeld's tenure that remains fairly undisputed is the fact that he was a chronic micro-manager. His daily memos showered Pentagon offices like a blizzard. These jargon-laced emails would try to tweak existing mission statements, solicit answers to already-solved problems, and generally tried to give the impression that Iraq was Rumsfeld's sandbox.

In my experience managers go micro when either a.) they are trying to learn on the job without actually asking for help and clarification from percieved hostile/competitive subordinates or b.) they are trying to convince themselves that they correct in their strategic thinking and using day-to-day tactical decisions to muster a sense of optimism that they feel compelled to serially communicate to the troops. Any thoughts?

I believe the Iraq endeavor asked for immediate success on things Americans struggle with when administering our own country. I would compare the task to trying to sculpt a beautiful statute using only TNT. No matter how you go about it, the results will be ugly.

 

HEIDI MERRILL

8:49 PM ET

February 8, 2011

WMD'S

I LOVE RUMSFELD AND I WISH HE WERE PRESIDENT. YOU ALL KNOW THEY HAD WMD'S BUT THEY ARE PROBABLY IN SYRIA. GO RUMSFELD. RUN FOR PRESIDENT, I'D VOTE FOR YOU. AT LEAST I KNOW YOU LOVE YOUR COUNTRY......UNLIKE SOMEBODY ELSE, WHO IS RUNNING (OR THINKS HE IS) THIS COUNTRY, EVEN THOUGH HE HATES IT AND WANTS TO CHANGE IT INTO A COMMUNIST COUNTRY.
FURTHERMORE, I LOVE GITMO, THEY TREAT TERRORISTS BETTER THAN OUR OWN PRISONERS. WE SHOULD DO WHAT THEY DO, "OFF WITH THEIR HEADS' INSTEAD OF WASTING MY MONEY FOR THEM TO GO TO TRIAL HERE IN AMERICA. LIBERALS ARE SO BLIND THEY WOULDN'T KNOW THE ENEMY IF HE LOOKED THEM IN THE FACE AND SAID HE WERE THE ENEMY, THEY WOULD SAY, "OH, WHATS THE MATTER YOU GOT YOUR FEELINGS HURT?" THEN THE ENEMY WOULD CHOP THEIR HEAD OFF. DAH!!!!!!!!!!!!!

 

MODERATEWINGER

10:39 AM ET

February 10, 2011

Heidi

Tell me, where are the WMD's?? did we find any?? You definitely do not know what the heck you are talking about. You definitely need a history lesson. I agree with Ricks, Donny Dumsfeld was the WORST Sec. of Defense this country has ever had. His lies, along with the whole Bush Administration cost the lives of over 4000 servicemen and women, who died for no good reason at all. Rumsfeld is a war criminal, and should be prosecuted along with Bush, Cheeeney, Rice, Powell and the rest of their lecherous gang!!

 

BLUE13326

11:14 AM ET

February 10, 2011

How was Guantanamo a debacle?

How was Guantanamo a debacle?

It is still open and defended by the current administration, after all.

Yes, the Euros/lefties didn't like it, but outside the media and academia, does anyone care what they think anymore?

 

ALEXANDER A.

12:28 PM ET

February 10, 2011

A very fair assessment

Thomas Ricks nails it, as always. He's exactly on point with this, which is why I truly value his book, Fiasco. I've also found that Nir Rosen's "Aftermath" (
http://www.amazon.com/Aftermath-Following-Bloodshed-Americas-Muslim/dp/1568584016 )
and Joshua E. S. Phillips's "None of Us Were Like This Before" ( http://www.amazon.com/None-Were-Like-This-Before/dp/1844675998/ref=dp_return_2?ie=UTF8&n=283155&s=books ) really capture Rumsfeld's legacy in important and valuable ways.

 

WATTY

12:31 PM ET

February 10, 2011

Iraq's civilian casualities - any Rummy explanations?

I hope that somewhere in these 800 pages of the Rumsfeld memoirs is an explanation for the Iraq's civilian deaths numbering from 110,000 to over 1,000,000 by different estimates. We seem to have already forgotten about our own 4,421 US deaths and 31,938 wounded in action of this horrible Bush-Rumsfeld war of choice.

If in fact the invasion was to secure Iraq's oil reserves to benefit the west, how is it that China picked up a lucrative $3 billion oil contract in 2008? By all accounts this war has been a total disaster for both Iraq and USA.