So Long, Chicken Little

The 9 most annoying sky-is-falling clichés in American foreign policy.

BY MICHAEL LIND | MARCH/APRIL 2011

Why is it that fallacies in foreign policy are so endlessly repeated? Whether in the form of alarmist predictions that never seem to pan out or stale clichés that are constantly recycled no matter how discredited, the apocalypse -- or utopia, for that matter -- always seems just around the corner.

Can't we just dispense with these ideas already? Perhaps we don't because we prefer to imagine, as the old curse goes, that we "live in interesting times." As for the pundits and prophets, well, nobody ever won an invitation to Davos or got a six-figure book deal by arguing that the world of 2050 will -- in all probability -- look pretty much like that of today. So, in a spirit of curmudgeonly exasperation, here is my personal list of the most infuriating failed predictions, perennial fallacies, and doomed proposals that never seem to go away, from nuclear apocalypse to bird flu.

INFLUX PRODUCTIONS/PHOTODISC/GETTY IMAGES

 SUBJECTS: U.S. FOREIGN POLICY
 

Michael Lind is the policy director of the New America Foundation's Economic Growth Program and author of The American Way of Strategy.

GRANT

9:33 PM ET

February 23, 2011

If memory serves, Shell

If memory serves, Shell itself argued that we're looking at serious oil problems in the 2020s. Additionally, even if it turns out that we aren't in such bad shape there is still an upper limit sooner or later to what fuels exist.

 

HURRICANEWARNING

1:59 PM ET

February 24, 2011

while I agree with much of this articles' premise...

...I Have to say that with regard specifically to the bit about Rainforests: simply throwing out one quote about how acres of forest grow back, is not a way to prove that logging is sustainable. You are dealing with a scientific subject, and as all too often happens these days, it seems someone(you) with little scientific training is again going public with opinions that have little basis in scientific fact, but will still reach and make sense to many people who also have very little scientific background. The same thing is happening with climate change in America. A bunch of people with little to no scientific training (talking heads) are interpreting a highly COMPLEX issue for the general public and coming up with an answer that; "we shouldn't worry". Bottom line, it is dangerous and it is foolish to think that you understand complex scientific issues... you don't. Also, predictive science is not the same as predictive international relations. You see, with science you are making a prediction based on overwhelming amounts of data and research and observation. With IR, you simply study history, and the present and attempt to make a call...which, I might add, is usually wrong.

Bottom line, rainforests WILL disappear if we don't stop their destruction, end of story. A regrown patch of trees on some farmland IS NOT a rainforest...it will take literally hundreds of years before it reaches a healthy point again...if it ever does. So I would say that you should remove the "MYTH" from the list. It aint no myth...

 

DOITRIGHTNOW

3:52 PM ET

February 24, 2011

The rainforests won't disappear

Actually, HURRICANEWARNING, I'm apt to agree with the writer of this article about the rainforests. I believe you would too, were you to live, as I do, in a tropical South American country. You literally can not chop down the jungle fast enough to keep it clear. I have lived as an ex-pat in Peru, Venezuela, Brazil, Argentina, Ecuador, and Puerto Rico. In all those countries, you chop down the forest and it grows back so fast, you know the calculations made by white-coated scientists in labs back in the USA are way, way off. Talk to some of the beef farmers in Argentina about the struggles they have with keeping the pampas open for their cattle. Sit down and chat with the people in Venezuela who have trouble growing bananas and batata because they can't get rid of all the overbrush. I dare you to walk into a fifth or tenth-year forest and distinguish it from virgin territory.

The trouble is, in Western thought, we are taught to work forward from the premise that the way it is now is the way it should always, or could always, be. Uniformitarianism works brilliantly when applied to a North American deciduous forest, because they grow slowly and react poorly to stresses. In a tropical country, you throw a mango or banana on your patio and harvest the fruit two years later. Tropical countries are alive with an explosion of life, and life will not give up, no matter how hard you try to clear it.

Based on my thirty-plus years travelling the Amazon basin, working in scores of rainforest area, I can tell you that what is happening there is not perhaps something to be proud of at all times. But at the risk of sounding a bit ethnocentric, I tell you, there is little will in Latin American countries either to preserve the rainforest or, in fact, to destroy it. The heart-wrenching pictures of progress and destruction that make the daily news always fail to return in three years when the lazy good-for-nothings who stole money from the government to begin the project gave up and the jungle reclaimed its own.

What people who live in the USA and Europe fail to account for is that the rainforests exist in tropical areas because they are tropical. It is the tropical area that creates the condition necessary to nourish a rainforest. The same things that would kill plants and trees in a temperate area don't apply. Recently I had to leave my home for three months to travel to Asia. Before I left, as a precaution, I sprayed the entire property with RoundUp 1-Year chemical. When I got back, I could barely see the outlines of anything in my yard. I even had some fresh bananas! Yet some sour-faced environmentalist would have gravely told me that the house had been uninhabited for decades, I'm sure.

Seriously. Stop reading Greenpeace Chicken Little pronouncements and spend some time in the rainforest. There are still people groups out here that have never been seen by the eye of civilized man. The jungle is big, man. Relax. If anything, it's expanding.

 

HURRICANEWARNING

7:29 PM ET

February 24, 2011

I appreciate the reply...thanks for that.

you have demonstrated to me EXACTLY what I was talking about in my original post. A scientific lay person (you) looking at a problem through a non-scientific lens, and saying, "look, there are tonnes of trees" and believing that there is no problem.

"white-coated scientists in labs back in the USA" Riiiiiight, that must be where those scientist are, in white coats, back in the USA...riiiiight. Sorry to disappoint you with this, but more often than not, and contrary to popular belief, MOST scientific experts on a given environmental topic spend by FAR AND AWAY the most time of anyone actually living amongst and making observations of the the given environment or field of research. Examples: jane goodall, most oceanographers, antarctic scientists, rainforest ecologists...no one spends more time actually living in these environments. So, that's another of your theories squashed.

As for me, i have also lived for years in central and south America, as well as Mexico...I have a degree in Biology and I have spent most of my time assisting scientific experiments or leading trips into remote locales. For instance I have spent quite a good bit of time living in one of the last three tracts of virgin jungle in the world in the Guyana Shield region of South America. Living full time in the jungle, in a hammock, bathing in rivers and eating fresh Piranha and ants...so....maybe YOU should spend some time in the jungle.

A tree is not just a tree, it is a home to literally billions of organisms, and the large trees in the rain forests are hardwoods, and they take LOTS of time to grow, these are not shrubs. What will happen if you cut this tree down is a bunch a quick growing soft woods will take it's place as the soil thins, and the sunlight becomes so widespread (from deforestation) that only the fastest growing plants get a shot at growth...this creates less biodiversity, a more homogenous population of plants and animals, and makes the eco-system more susceptible to biological failure due to natural disaster or human interference. Ecosystems are in balance (in general) and it has taken them literally millions of years to reach that point in some cases, so yes...when humans come in and chop down the large hardwood trees that support the entire tropical rainforest as we know it...yes, that does have a negative impact, and no, it can't grow back in a few years as you say. Good "observations" though. this is why people with no scientific training, making observations that only scientists should be allowed to make, do more harm than good.

 

JBROCKLE

3:27 PM ET

February 26, 2011

Hurricanewarning

You're just one of these deceptive chaps in white coats, out to pull the wool over the eyes of the rest of us. Don't give me all that about complex ecosystems and irrecoverable biodiversity, a tree is a tree!

Seriously though, you're completely right. People always seem to take umbrage at the fact that the way the simplistically interpret what they see as the evidence (usually whatever confirms the idea that they've already had) quite often misses the point completely. It seems to really annoy them that experts who actually specialise in this stuff have a much more nuanced and complete view of the subject. Climate change is the best example, but this is another good one.

 

FJCROW2008

10:51 AM ET

February 25, 2011

Water sharing

Oh ya. Good one. I don't know how many times I've heard that craziness about "water sharing" doing something in the Middle East.

Wait. Exactly once... right here.

Why don't you just cut to the chase and quit avoiding the hugest and more paranoid apocalyptic madness that has ever done so much damage?

The "War" on "Terrorism".

Give me a break with your who-ever-heard-of and who-even-cares obscurities. We're losing the race for high speed rails?? That is somehow apocalyptic?? What do we even need high speed rails for anyway? To get the unemployed to the soup lines faster?

You tricked me into looking at a fairly lame article.

 

ORMONDOTVOS

1:21 PM ET

February 25, 2011

Ivory Tower Rant...

Damn. I was waiting for the logical end of the progression, global warming as myth, but I guess the fact that it's already here sort of ruins the sequence.

And the price of oil is bouncing up again as a the threat of a mere 2% reduction in supply from Libya proves the ragged edge of supply and demand.

Nope, no problem. The overpopulation will die off as the dictators strafe the demonstrators, and cholera kills the rest.

We'll be OK in our island fortress, though, Dr Pangloss...

 

CSERAPH

2:45 AM ET

February 26, 2011

Really?

This is a very weak article. The fact that a low-probability catastrophic event (nuclear terrorism) has not happened yet does not mean it isn't an important issue to monitor and prepare for.

As has already been pointed out, regrown forests are nothing like the old-growth rainforests they replace, having radically different and less diverse ecosystems.

The lack of understanding displayed by the author of the issues I personally have background doesn't bode well for the handling of issues I don't. The 'joke' about obese teens with nukes was also in very poor taste.

Shame on you for publishing, FP.

 

KEVINSD

3:29 PM ET

February 26, 2011

Kaboom

Just as there were people during the waning years of the 19th century who argued that a large-scale war in Europe was probably impossible, so I suspect Lind's comments about wmds probably reflect lack of sufficient imagination. It's not difficult to make a dirty bomb, though. More challenging is creating one which can't be traced to its point of origin. Once achieved, though, a state actor might have a large incentive to hit one high-profile target (an act which then gets blamed on someone else).

 

HURRICANEWARNING

12:35 PM ET

February 27, 2011

well, you're wrong

I live in the USA, and I understand...better than you clearly if you believe that the rainforests are fine because they what?...grow fast? Once again, excellent scientific observation, Im sure you're absolutely right; nothing humans can do, can possibly harm the rainforest.

Oh, by the way: Some fast growing, tropical plants and shrubs does not equal a rain forest. Just wanted to let you know that.

But what do I know, im from the USA, I must not 'understand' because we cant learn complex issues like tropical ecology here...oh, wait, we have the best universities in the world for tropical rainforest ecology. go figure...

 

JJACK777

7:24 AM ET

February 27, 2011

America actually is behind in high-speed rail

Having lived all over the U.S. as well as Europe, I have to say that the U.S. really could benefit from having a better transportation infrastructure. A handful of cities in the U.S. have decent underground transportation (and just 'decent') but other cities, for example Greenville, South Carolina, could greatly reduce its traffic congestion by building (jobs!) and maintaining (jobs!) an underground rail system. It's home to three major universities, so the safety of taking that many more drivers off the road is incalculable. But as for high-speed rail specifically, anyone who has ever lived and worked on the East Coast somewhere between Boston and Washington, D.C. will tell you how nice it would be to be able to take a high-speed train connecting Boston - New York - Philadelphia - Baltimore - D.C. instead of having to drive through the traffic of all five cities. Generally speaking, it's safer, cleaner, and - oh my gosh! - Americans might actually read more if they could take a train to work instead of having to sit in traffic for an hour (at least) to get to work in some place like D.C. The U.S. DOES have some catching up to do!

 

THE GLOBALIZER

12:33 PM ET

February 28, 2011

Seriously?

How many people really need to travel the DC-New York-Boston corridor, anyway?

I grew up in the Baltimore area and regularly visited DC. I had precious little reason to travel to NYC or Boston other than for leisure, and knew very few people who did have such reasons. High-speed intercity passenger rail is one of those "gee whiz" proposals that have virtually no merit beyond, "Oh, I'd ride that train [one time, to one place, then give it up for air travel]."

More mass transit within cities and metropolitan areas? More efficient intercity commercial traffic options? Those are things I can get behind.

 

JUSAKID

3:16 PM ET

February 28, 2011

The implementation of a high

The implementation of a high speed line that connected DC, Philly, NYC and Boston, in my opinion, would be huge. For myself and many people that would benefit greatly for work and leisure if the rail system was implemented. Just think of the economic influence it would have on the east coast.

Many people from Philly can travel to NY or DC without a problem but it is the cross city commutes that many people choose not to do unless they can find a cheap flight to do so. Having a high speed rail system that is reasonably priced could lead to an influx in tourism for all cities.

 

JFAIR

10:12 AM ET

March 1, 2011

Rails

I really enjoyed traveling by rail in Europe and wish I had the same option here in the states. It would be great to hop on a train and go wherever I want.

 

MADRID

10:32 PM ET

February 27, 2011

Silly Article

Anyone that doesn't have concerns over the fact that oil is at 100$ a barrel in the midst of the biggest recession since the 30's has to have their head examined.

The US is also a suburban mess in terms of its city and town infrastructure such that were one company, WalMart, to have its distribution network fail, there would be enormous amounts of Americans that would not have access to the most basic goods.

Also, some of these issues are really silly ones-- for anyone who is familiar with Hubbert or Ken Deffeyes, it's really silly to mix up concern with oil infrastructure-- the issue is not running out, it's getting to the light sweet stuff--with things like a nuclear bomb going off in an American city. While the latter would be horrendous and would cause catastrophe, it wouldn't amount to the collapse of world civilziation that 1000$ a barrel oil would mean. People in Moscow would still live fine if a nuke went off in San Fran, but with oil at 1000$, it's possible that all of the forests in Russia and Germany would be burned down in 3 years to provide basic heating.

Lind better hope that we never reach 1000$ a barrel oil, because that would be all it would take for this country to have a complete break down. And what would it take to get there? And here is the scenario people are worried about-- a bunch of bombs in the richest fields of oil in SA; the SA basically lying about their reserves, which they do and everyone knows about it; the Straits of Hormuz being shut down: a revolution in SA that ends up with leaders who don't want to pump at the current rate because they feel that oil is too precious to sell at current levels; a revolution in Russia that ends with oil infrastucture completely destroyed, etc.

See once you let it out of the bag that there may be oil shortages for the foreseeable future, oil becomes more valuable than anything including gold on the planet.

 

JFAIR

10:02 AM ET

March 1, 2011

Water

Sharing water may not bring about peace, but a lack of necessary resources can bring about war.