Think Again: Latin America

America's backyard is no longer an afterthought -- or Washington's to claim.

BY MAURICIO CÁRDENAS | MARCH 17, 2011

"Latin America is violent and dangerous."

Yes, but not unstable. Latin American countries have among the world's highest rates of crime, murder, and kidnapping. Pockets of abnormal levels of violence have emerged in countries such as Colombia -- and more recently, in Mexico, Central America, and some large cities such as Caracas. With 140,000 homicides in 2010, it is understandable how Latin America got this reputation. Each of the countries in Central America's "Northern Triangle" (Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador) had more murders in 2010 than the entire European Union combined.

Violence in Latin America is strongly related to poverty and inequality. When combined with the insatiable international appetite for the illegal drugs produced in the region, it's a noxious brew. As strongly argued by a number of prominent regional leaders -- including Brazil's former president, Fernando H. Cardoso, and Colombia's former president, Cesar Gaviria -- a strategy based on demand reduction, rather than supply, is the only way to reduce crime in Latin America.

Although some fear the Mexican drug violence could spill over into the southern United States, Latin America poses little to no threat to international peace or stability. The major global security concerns today are the proliferation of nuclear weapons and terrorism. No country in the region is in possession of nuclear weapons -- nor has expressed an interest in having them. Latin American countries, on the whole, do not have much history of engaging in cross-border wars. Despite the recent tensions on the Venezuela-Colombia border, it should be pointed out that Venezuela has never taken part in an international armed conflict.

Ethnic and religious conflicts are very uncommon in Latin America. Although the region has not been immune to  radical jihadist attacks -- the 1994 attack on a Jewish Community Center in Buenos Aires, for instance -- they have been rare. Terrorist attacks on the civilian population have been limited to a large extent to the FARC organization in Colombia, a tactic which contributed in large part to the organization's loss of popular support.

AFP

 SUBJECTS:
 

Mauricio Cárdenas is senior fellow and director of the Latin America Initiative at the Brookings Institution. He was cabinet minister during the Gaviria and Pastrana administrations in Colombia. Follow him on Twitter @MauricioCard.

BUZZ

10:05 PM ET

March 17, 2011

Obama and Latin America

Relations with Latin America have, are and will be important to the U.S. The reality of this is not at issue moreover a trip there. A better question to as is what is most important to the U.S. right now? With the world crises taking place at this time, isn't a leader to address them earnestly, and more proactively? Relations with L.A. have suffered for many, many years - distrust of the U.S. is there. Wouldn't trust in the U.S. be also furthered now, by playing a more pivotal internationally e.g. with the Middle East, Japan?

 

ASCHOPS

1:05 AM ET

March 18, 2011

The text's sole purpose seems

The text's sole purpose seems to be to justify Obama's visit -- for insights on US-LatAm relations, it certainly brought none. No one, not even in Latin America, believes the character of this visit will be anything but symbolic. The author appears to think LatAm is spreading its legs wide open, only waiting for the US to reassert its influence in the region yet again. He is ignoring the extent to which many countries in the region - most notably Brazil, Argentina and Venezuela - have been acting to reduce US presence in the region. Fortunately many of those holding government positions in South America know what US interference has meant for the region in past decades: gunboat diplomacy, United Fruit, right-wing coups, military dictatorships, and so forth. They know it and, I hope, will thus not be passive in face of any US advances toward the region.

Hopefully this Obama visit will bear no fruits. The author speaks of the importance of the US-Brazil relationship as a means for the US to retain influence in South America. Well, the Brazilian media has reported how their govt is increasingly angered by signs the US has given that it will not endorse Brazil's bid for SC permanent membership, not in this trip, not in the foreseeable future. And hopefully that will mean Brazil will cease flirting with the US like it has done since Ms. Rousseff has stepped into power.

 

JC333

11:28 AM ET

March 18, 2011

When Brazil stops dicking around with Iran

Then lets start talking about permanent SC membership.

 

YGORCS

8:19 PM ET

March 18, 2011

Plain hypocrisy

Come on, this expression "let's start talking about..." is already an excellent demonstration of why the current division of power became so tiresome and annoying to larger countries like Brazil, India or Mexico. Those countries are already strong enough to discuss, negotiate, arguee with other powers, and it's simply ludcrious to say "Well, by doing that we can start talking about this or that" as if Brazil or India were little children or poor workers who depend absolutely on their mother or on their boss, respectively. Attitudes and words - they also matter in internationa relationships - like those are what made Latin America so distrustful of US presence in the region, especially because the US has always been very "effective" in realizing what they say in very concrete - and tragic - ways. For example, "detaining communism in Latin America" very soon turned into the very practical mania of the US establishing right-wing dictatorships that either killed thousands of people or left many institutional and economic problems to the future generations - in general both.

As for Brazil "dicking around" with Iran, you should come up with more facts about those reprochable and close ties with Iran, because as far as I know (and I do know) all that people have called "Brazil's ties with Iran" means that Ahmadinejad visited Brazil (and Lula visited Iran), Brazil made some trade agreements with Iranian companies, Brazil and Turkey got a deal with Iran that was remarkably similar to what Mr. Obama had suggested Brazil should try to do in an official letter sent to President Lula; and, finally, Lula offered Sakineh Ashtiani refuge in Brazil, but refused to intervene directly in the issue inside Iran.

Those attitudes don't allow us to say Brazil "dicks around with Iran", except for fundamentalist minds that don't grasp the very basic fact that their own "perfectly" democratic countries also maintain trade agreements and relationships with countries that are governed by dictatorships. Actually, in the case of Russia and especially the USA having close ties with dictatorships wasn't limited to an occasional visit to those countries (by these criteria, almost everybody in the world "dicks around" with a dictatorship, especially in these times when China is increasingly important in world politics).

The US, above all, has thought up, implemented, supported, financed and trained dictatorships and their brutal armies or guerrillas all around the world. Now that's what I call "close ties" with brutal regimes, because they actually were born because of US money, training and support. That can't be said of Brazil in relation to any country in the world, especially because Brazilian history is marked by a strong tendency to not intervene in foreign affairs directly, but only through cooperation in UN missions or through diplomacy.

When Brazil offered a deal with Iran or refused to arguee with Iran about its own laws (of course, it's absolutely counterproductive), but offered refuge to Sakineh, it did get closer to Iran. Yes, it did, but definitely not to turn Iran more brutal or destructive. Fortunately, Brazil doesn't have enough influence over countries like Iran to be able to impose its own decisions. In sum, Brazil doesn't have the clout of the US to be able to create and maintain its brutal puppets in Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Egypt (until recently) and many other countries - and it probably wouldn't do so. If believing it's sometimes better to let the internal issues be solved internally or diplomatically and not having direct intervention as a panacea for all problems means means weakness or "indifference", then I think Brazil is and will be definitely weaker and more "indifferent" than the US ever was. Fortunately.

 

INTERVLAD

10:59 AM ET

March 20, 2011

We give the cards

Instead of seeking allies in instable regions, like Middle East, USA should look at your neighbours in its own continent. But we cannot deny that US policy to Latin American have always been marked by imperialism and snobbery. In order to keep its interests safe, not seldom Washington used the "big stick" during 19th century. Throughout last century, United States didn't change its posture to American hemisphere: when any far-left-party were about to take power, American politicians drew upon "the threat of communism in our backyard" and sent friendly troops to protect local populations of these enemies of democacry. However, the time we Latin-Americans only obeyed is over. Nowadays we give the cards. US cannot anylonger order in an arrogant tone like in the past and we passively fulfill its requests. If Washington wants to set up a watershed in the ties with American Latin , it will also have made concessions.

 

BADBOY25

6:41 AM ET

March 26, 2011

Latin America

But in fact, Obama's trip south is important for long-term U.S. interests, and long overdue. In today's economic order, where the G-20 is essentially a board of directors with only minority shareholders, the United States needs strong allies. Brazil is the ideal partner: netsikis large among the emerging countries, democratic, free of internal tensions, and without enemies. Cultivating that relationship is essential if Washington wants to continue to exercise leadership in the region. The recent turmoil in the Middle East also reminds us again of the fragility of energy security in the United States, and the importance of Latin America porno as a reliable source of renewable and nonrenewable energy
woow great! : )

 

DOMINOMAN

7:17 PM ET

April 16, 2011

Those countries are already

Those countries are already strong enough to discuss, negotiate, arguee with other powers, and it's simply ludcrious to say "Well, by doing that we can start talking about this or that" as if Brazil or India were little children or poor workers who depend absolutely on their mother or on their boss, respectively. Attitudes and words - they also matter in internationa relationships - like those are what made Latin America so distrustful of US presence in the region, especially because the US has always been very "effective" stavkove kancelariein realizing what they say in very concrete - and tragic - ways. For example, "detaining communism in Latin America" very soon turned into the very practical mania of the US establishing right-wing dictatorships that either killed thousands of people or left many institutional and economic problems to the future generations - in general both.As for Brazil "dicking around" with Iran, you should come up with more facts about those reprochable and close ties with Iran, because as far as I know (and I do know) stavkove kancelarie all that people have called "Brazil's ties with Iran" means that Ahmadinejad visited Brazil (and Lula visited Iran), Brazil made some trade agreements with Iranian companies, Brazil and Turkey got a deal with Iran that was remarkably similar to what Mr. Obama had suggested Brazil should try to do in an official letter sent to President Lula; and, finally, Lula offered Sakineh Ashtiani refuge in Brazil, but refused to intervene directly in the issue inside Iran.