The Dis-Integration of Europe

European leaders are attacking 'multiculturalism' in a transparent ploy to appeal to far-right voters. But they're threatening decades of progress in reaching out to Muslim minorities.

BY JONATHAN LAURENCE, JUSTIN VAÏSSE | MARCH 28, 2011

One by one, the leaders of Europe's three biggest immigration destinations have stepped up to solemnly repudiate a policy that has long ceased to exist. In recent months, German Chancellor Angela Merkel, British Prime Minister David Cameron and French President Nicolas Sarkozy have let it be known that multiculturalism shall no longer be the continent's doctrine of immigrant integration.

"The multicultural approach, saying that we simply live side by side and be happy about one another, utterly failed," declared Merkel in a speech in October 2010.

"Under the doctrine of state multiculturalism, we have encouraged different cultures to live separate lives, apart from each other and apart from the mainstream.  We've failed to provide a vision of society to which they feel they want to belong," said Cameron on February 2011.

"Multiculturalism is a failure. The truth is that in our democracies, we cared too much about the identity of the migrant and not sufficiently about the identity of the country that welcomed him," Nicolas Sarkozy announced on French TV later that month.

These unusually convergent statements would seem to signal a dramatic turning point in Europe's relations with its Muslim populations, who are the target of these putative reforms. The speeches were designed to convey the image of political leaders fully in control of their national destiny, boldly charting a new course for their societies. The reality, however, is far less grandiose. Merkel, Cameron, and Sarkozy are playing a catch-up game with the right wing of their constituency by savaging a straw man -- multiculturalism -- and offering precious few concrete proposals behind their new proposed course of action.

They are also ignoring and jeopardizing years of hard work by their own interior ministries to refine and streamline a new generation of demanding yet fair policies toward local Muslim organizations. In the process, these national leaders are feeding the very fire they hope their speeches will contain: a growing far-right populism based on the rejection of Islam.

FRANCOIS GUILLOT/AFP/Getty Images

 SUBJECTS:
 

Jonathan Laurence is associate professor of political science at Boston College and author of The Emancipation of Europe's Muslims. Justin Vaisse is director of research of the Center on the U.S. and Europe at the Brookings Institution.

FABER

4:54 PM ET

March 28, 2011

Need a better source

"Prime Minister Mark Rutte is cracking down on headscarf wearing and other behavioral signs of Muslim religiosity among state employees and unemployment check recipients in exchange for the parliamentary support of Geert Wilders's anti-Islam faction."

The source you used for this statement (http://www.telegraaf.nl/binnenland/7796853/___Ombuigen_raakt_iedereen___.html) doesn't mention the words Islam, Moslim or Headscarfs.

Headscarfs haven't been banned in the Netherlands - and I don't think they will be. I do remember Geert Wildders saying he wanted to, but I cannot remember Mark Rutte ever saying so.

So please change this statement, or change the source.

 

JL25

10:52 AM ET

April 1, 2011

Headscarf bans in NL

Faber, I think you may have misunderstood: this is not about a "general" headscarf ban, but rather only for police officers, judges, some other public employees -- and unemployment benefit recipients whose headgear the government may deem to be "preventing" them from finding work. Please see http://www.telegraaf.nl/binnenland/7798505/__Verbod_op_boerka_s__.html?sn=binnenland,buitenland

 

ARYABHAT

5:59 AM ET

March 29, 2011

Try preaching this to Saudi Arabia, Pakistan or Iran

Why all this discussion on Muslim's rights in Europe when Christians, Hindus, Jews or Buddhists have NO rights in Saudi Arab, Pakistan, or Iran? At least in Europe they can pray in Mosque, eat and lable Halal and get even Halal Banking! In Saudi/Pakistan/Iran try running a Temple or Church (and get Bombed for free!)!

What a load of rubbish this article is!

I am a non-christian Brit and VERY Happy with social and political tolarance I get in my country. Muslims in Europe simply mis-use the freedom entitled to them! If they do not allow freedom to say Muslim women or gays, should European governments allow all that non-sense in name of Multi-culturalism? e.g. A Muslim British girl is trying to compete at Miss Universe competitiona nd see the abuse she gets and the non-sense protests even from "Community groups" like Ramadhan Foundation here: http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/12860407

 

FORGODSSAKES

12:46 AM ET

March 30, 2011

Christians in Egypt, Iraq,

Christians in Egypt, Iraq, Palestine and increasingly Lebanon and Syria are in hot water.

Certainly they can't go about busily building houses of worship. Most of their churches are old.

Muslims by and large have it better in a Christian environment than the other way around, although I can see why to many Muslims it may not feel that way

 

ARYABHAT

5:12 AM ET

March 30, 2011

Religious freedom in Iran, Iraq etc.!!!!

Sammy Boy, Happy to respond to your comments here.

As for the countries that YOU have mentioned, please see here: http://www.uscirf.gov/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1456&Itemid=1 To make it easy for you, it says - "One of the most significant human rights acts of the U.S. government is the designation of "countries of particular concern," or CPCs, for ongoing, egregious violations of religious freedom." Guess who is in the list? Countries of YOUR example list - Iran, Iraq, Nigeria......

It would be great if you can stop hiding behind this Christian looking name and confess your Islamic background. But then that would be an act of courage!!!!

Would be delighted if you could respond to my SPECIFIC example of how MUslims are NOT integrating with European value system and tolarance - about that Muslim Girl trying to be Miss Universe!!! Your silence on that is deafening!!

 

NICOLAS19

7:08 AM ET

March 29, 2011

double standards

Multiculturalism, as the European governments have exercised it, has in fact failed. The problem lies not in the concept but in the implementation. The European initiatives of open arms policy, later that of the “celebrating cultural diversity” have backfired. By providing greater incentives – privileged minority schooling, monetary benefits, secure job opportunities, tax allowances, more lenient criminal laws – for remaining a minority instead of adapting to the society, these programs effectively discouraged assimilation. This government-promoted segregation bore fruit during times of hardship – for example when companies were forced to lay off scores of people, but they weren’t allowed to lay off minorities, the native population began to feel themselves as secondary citizens in their own country. Then the usual speedbumps of coexistence (different customs, different clothing, different morale, crime, etc.) were seen as signs of discrimination against the majority, so the people were offended by it.

As Aryabhat have said: the minorities have misused the huge benefits the European countries have given, by pocketing them instead of advancing towards the desired goal: being part of the society instead of living outside – and off – it.

 

ZORRO

11:14 AM ET

March 29, 2011

Double Standards II

Until the US start taking in the illiterate Afghani sheepherders, Somali peasants and PTSD:d Iraqi torture victims that Sweden do it is hard to take any US criticism of European immigration policy seriously.

It is highly questionable whether massive immigration of illiterates and a welfare state can work together.

"Multikulti" has failed, we need assimilation policies back. Also some less wars for people to run from would be nice.

 

NICOLAS19

2:39 AM ET

March 30, 2011

exactly

It was telling how Obama wanted to export the Guantanamo detainees to Europe, acknowledging that minorities have it much better in Europe than in the US. Also, a great deal of racial, ideological, religious tension is originated from the US, the paranoid "war on terror" that pictured every Muslim responsible for 9/11.

 

DENNIS_WITTIG

8:31 AM ET

March 30, 2011

Question

Does the author even know what actual far right policies are?

I don't recall any statements by any European government about bringing extermination camps online.

Making sure that our granddaughters have the same rights as our wives is an extreme policy.

 

DENNIS_WITTIG

8:32 AM ET

March 30, 2011

sorry

must say: is hardly an extreme policy.

my apologies.

 

RSWEETING123

4:39 AM ET

March 31, 2011

Personal

It seems this blog is causing a great deal of canvas art controversy, and it seems Merkel was right: "The multicultural approach, saying that we simply live side by side and be happy about one another, utterly failed,"

 

DOSE

9:36 AM ET

April 1, 2011

Islam is a part of Germany

To understand the debate in Germany it is important to know that on the German national holiday in October 2010 German President Wulff stated during his official speech that Islam is in fact part of Germany. Merkel confirmed his statement two weeks later in front of the conservative youth organization of her party. At the same point she made clear what is actually nothing new among political parties in Germany: multiculturalism has always been rejected by the conservative party CDU, so declaring it "dead" in front of her party's youth organization is a guarantee for applause and attention.

Within this debate it is crucial to not mix up Islam and multiculturalism. They are actually two different debates although they are of course connected to each other. But not congruent.

 

CURMUDGEON99

9:17 AM ET

April 3, 2011

"The current posturing of

"The current posturing of Merkel, Cameron, and Sarkozy may also set back the successful efforts of the last decade to integrate Muslim communities, creating new rifts and unraveling the more subtle policy evolutions of recent years, when states secured guarantees from Islamic groups that they would respect the law of the land and adapt their practices to the local context."

No matter what these authors posit elsewhere this sentence acknowledges the basic falseness of their premise and contradicts just about everything else they had to say. Anti-Islamic political parties do not rise from a vacuum. They fill a vacuum left in the national debates. If indeed there had been the success the authors claim in integrating these Muslim communities no room would have been available for a burgeoning anti-Islamic political message. Secondly, what does it say when states have to negotiate with Islamic groups to get them to respect the law of the land? Does the state negotiate with Rotarians, the Catholic church, or Jewish groups to the same purpose? That describes the basic problem with Islam in a nutshell.

 

ZEVZECI

10:45 AM ET

April 12, 2011

Europe

You have justified the "far-right." You've summed up the argument against mass immigration and multi-culturalism very well. You've written the plain truth, something what the white komik video-guilt laden political left of the Western world does its best to obscure and deny.