Chairman Mao's Technicolor Dream World

A short history of China's propaganda art.

CAPTIONS BY EDMUND DOWNIE | JUNE 30, 2011

Since the Chinese Communist Party took power 70 years ago, its vast propaganda machine has used every available medium to shore up public support, from newspaper and TV to nostalgic theater pageants and Internet discussion forums. As technologies have changed, however, a former totalitarian standby has fallen out of favor: the propaganda poster. Communist China viewed through decades of propaganda posters was a uniformly cheerful and confident nation -- though the smiling, apple-cheeked faces and bucolic peasant scenes hide the bitter realities of life under Mao's regime.

The above poster, titled "Tempering Red Hearts in Stormy Waves," was produced in 1972 by four graduates from one of China's top art academies, the Zhejiang Art Academy (now the China Academy of Art): Dong Xiaoming, Zong Wenlong, Gao Eryi, and Liang Pingbo. The boy standing proudly in the center of the photo looks to be a member of the Little Red Guards, a youth group established during the Cultural Revolution.

Buyenlarge/Getty Images

 

Edmund Downie is a researcher at Foreign Policy.

 

MARTY MARTEL

11:03 PM ET

June 30, 2011

Nixon's statue next to Mao's in Beijing

Mao had called U. S. a ‘paper tiger’.

However it took Nixon-Kissinger’s embrace of Mao’s China in 1972 to counter Soviet Union that has propelled China to such heights that it is now ready to successfully challenge this ’paper tiger’ in today’s real world.

Nixon’s 1972 China embrace was supposed to benefit U. S. businesses with the opening up of a billion-strong Chinese consumer market. Instead China’s billion workers have flooded U. S. and the world markets with cheap Chinese goods.

Afterall China was a pariah country in the world just like today’s North Korea until Nixon’s 1972 visit. All the West European and East Asian countries stayed away from China following the US lead until 1972 and embraced China after Nixon’s visit. While US would not give MFN status to Soviet Union (remember Jackson-Vanik amendment?) unless Russia shed Communism, it had no problem giving it to China’s Communist dictators with a capitalist mask. Trade with China expanded by leaps and bounds during 12 years of Republican rule beginning in 1981. After campaigning against butchers of Beijing in 1992 elections, even Bill Clinton became enthusiastic supporter of trade with China once he took lessons in foreign policy from Nixon in early 1993 during a special Whitehouse-arranged meeting. US also promoted China to a super power status by accepting it as a permanent UNSC member.

Had it not been for that Nixon embrace in 1972, China’s rise to super power status would have been far more slower with all the US, West European and East Asian markets closed to cheap Chinese products. Had it not been for that Nixon embrace, China’s technological progress would have been far slower in the absence of West’s technology transfers. Had it not been for that Nixon embrace, China’s military progress would have been far slower in the absence of huge forex reserves that China accumulated from the massive exports of cheap Chinese products and China used those forex reserves to acquire latest military technology.

Now China has US by the tail - US businesses are hooked to huge profits that cheap Chinese products generate for them as a walk through any Walmart, Home Depot, Sears and Macy’s filled with Chinese goods prove and US government is hooked to huge investments that China makes in US governmental securities from the sales of cheap Chinese products to US businesses.

Little could Mao or Deng have imagined that by wearing a capitalist mask, their followers will beat capitalists at their own game. Lenin used to say that ’capitalists will sell us the ropes with which we will hang them’. With West selling such proverbial ropes in the form of technology transfers, Chinese Communists have proven that Lenin saying quite prophetic.

It behooves China to erect the statue of anti-Communist Nixon right next to die-hard Communist Mao in Beijing for speeding up China’s rise to super power status.

 

GLOBALFORCES

11:15 PM ET

July 6, 2011

not a fan of dictators

First time as tragedy, second time as kitsch. During the 1990s, China took on board Deng Xiaoping's message that 'to get rich is glorious'. Hand fans then, ceiling fans now. Some of the country's elite, jaded by the endless supply of luxury goods now available in Beijing and Shanghai, favor restaurants with a new spin: the peasant cuisine of the Cultural Revolution. In the midst of the city's neon lights, these eateries would recreate the simple rice, meat and vegetable dishes that were experienced by the urban youth 'sent down' to the countryside at Mao's orders; the food a homage to a time imagined by many as a simpler, more honest era when China had a strong, common purpose. Only the prices brought the diners back to the present day: despite the simple fare, this was cuisine affordable exclusively by the most well-heeled.

 

CITIZENWHY

5:50 PM ET

July 1, 2011

Nice stuff

Given the constraints the artists were under, they produced some lovely, sophisticated art, far better than the bombastic Soviet propaganda art. Some of this art approaches the beauty of Catholic propaganda art of the Renaissance or the revolutionary/imperial propaganda art of David in France. I really like the Brigade Ducks. Lovely, could easily be interpreted as poking some low key ironic fun at CPC militarism. Definitely the work a sophisticated artist.

Weirdly, if you were to visit a pre-school or early primary school in today's China you would see children happily at play or busy at work, making an impression on the visitor similar to that of some of these posters.

 

CITIZENWHY

10:19 PM ET

July 1, 2011

Echoes of Chinese classical art

"Tempering Red Hearts in Stormy Waves," on the surface is naive and straightforward BUT there's a lovely, subtle genius in the composition. The upper part slopes downward from left to right (people and farther background), suggesting a distant high mountain range. The Red Brigade boy stands in water that could be a lake, a lake surrounded by mountains (the waves of the sea). Those sly artists knew how to sneak in the suggestion of a classical art scene, the mountain lake, with its spiritual meaning of tranquility, repose, wisdom and endurance through time, a spiritual meaning in contrast to the naive surface of the poster, a surface of action, energy and a thrusting forward into the future.

I'm off to rase a glass in honor of those artists! Vita breva, ars longa. Cheers!

 

CITIZENWHY

10:29 PM ET

July 1, 2011

Whoops!

That should have been Vita Brevis, Ars Longa. The first sip of that Scotch cleared my head for remembering my Latin of so long ago.

 

COMETLINEAR

6:14 PM ET

July 6, 2011

The nice thing about art is....

...it can never be completely dictated.

 

BINGTIMREN

1:22 AM ET

July 2, 2011

Something amusingly wrong with this one

Hi,

The title of this one is NOT "Peasants and Workers Greeting the New Yorker" but "Peasants and Workers Greeting the New Year". Do you see any new yorker in this poster? :)

 

ERROR27

2:37 PM ET

July 6, 2011

Beautiful

Is there some place to buy prints?

 

COMETLINEAR

6:12 PM ET

July 6, 2011

 

COMETLINEAR

6:12 PM ET

July 6, 2011

Good stuff. Thanks for posting.

Artistically, most of these leave me pretty cold. Number 8 is ok.

 

TAVARES

11:43 PM ET

July 19, 2011

The Red Brigade boy stands in

The Red Brigade boy stands in water that could be a lake, a lake surrounded by mountains (the waves of the sea). Those sly artists knew how to sneak in the suggestion of a classical art scene, the mountain lake, Tavares with its spiritual meaning of tranquility, repose, wisdom and endurance through time, a spiritual meaning in contrast to the naive surface of the poster, a surface of action, energy and a thrusting forward into the future.

 

LOUANN169

4:34 PM ET

July 29, 2011

Chairman Mao's Technicolor Dream World

A short history of China's propaganda art. The Red Brigade boy stands in water that could be a lake, a lake surrounded by mountains (the waves of the sea). Those sly artists knew how to sneak in the suggestion of a classical art scene, the mountain lake, Tavares with its spiritual meaning of tranquility, repose, wisdom and endurance through time, a spiritual meaning in contrast to the naive surface of the poster, a surface of action, energ do you agree "Tempering Red Hearts in Stormy Waves," on the surface is naive and straightforward BUT there's a lovely, subtle genius in the composition. The upper part slopes downward from left to right (people and farther background), suggesting a distant high mountain range. The Red Brigade boy stands in water that could be a lake, a lake surrounded by mountains (the waves of the sea). Those sly artists knew