The World's Top Executioners

This week's execution of Troy Davis has provoked an international outcry and renewed debate in the United States over the death penalty. With the fifth-most executions per year of any country, America finds itself on a list with some of the world's worst human rights abusers.

BY JOSHUA E. KEATING | SEPTEMBER 22, 2011

CHINA

Number of executions: Thousands -- reliable statistics are hard to come by.*

The number of executions carried out every year in China is a state secret, but Amnesty International believes that it numbers in the thousands. There are 55 crimes punishable by death in China, including economic crimes like corruption and embezzlement, though a judicial reform carried out this year removed such crimes as issuing false tax invoices, robbing ancient ruins, and smuggling rare animals from the list.

The most common methods of execution are firing squad and lethal injection, though China has been something of a grim innovator on this front, launching a fleet of mobile "death vans" that travel from town to town administering injections.

In a recent high-profile case, China sentenced four Uighur separatists to death for their role in the ethnic unrest that swept through Xinjiang autonomous region in July. 

*All figures from Amnesty International unless otherwise noted.

Photos: AFP/Getty Images

 SUBJECTS:
 

Joshua E. Keating is an associate editor at Foreign Policy.

DAVODU

10:26 PM ET

September 22, 2011

human rights

Killing people does not make them heal. I believe the reason we execute people because we believe good and evil. There is no devils alive. And man is not devil unless it's ill.
oyun

 

BDL2010

2:41 AM ET

September 23, 2011

We execute criminals not political prisoners.

Those criminals get a lawyer and a trial. We don't execute people for their political or personal beliefs. We don't execute people for practicing homosexuality. Can we say that about the other countries on your list? I'm not sure what point you were trying to make with this expose but you are comparing apples to oranges.

 

NICOLAS19

3:14 AM ET

September 23, 2011

like those in Guantanamo?

There are no statistics how many people the US executed in its political prisons in Guantanamo, Iraq, Afghanistan and the rest of the world. During the Cold War, the US (the CIA) operated political prisons in the Romania, Yugoslavia, etc, reports of the fate of hundreds missing there are only starting to show up.

You are no better than Iran, China, USSR, etc.

 

BDL2010

8:53 AM ET

September 23, 2011

the article is talking about State executions

not acts during war. If we want to go down that path I can provide even more examples of how the US does more than any other to apply the principles of "just war."

The article was clearly talking about state executions of it's own citizens.

Perhaps you missed the background story regarding Dalton Meyer's award of the MOH. Commanders would not provide needed firepower due to a concern over possible civilian casualties. That is a far cry from how the Soviets fought in Afghanistan. The Soviets laid landmines and some of those landmines were designed to look like toys. Do we need to discuss the Russion response in Chechnya?

 

ERIC_STRATTONIII

9:03 AM ET

September 23, 2011

@Nicolas

Wow, holy conspiracy guy! Ha! You think we executed people at Gitmo? How exactly did we keep this quiet? You think we did this at other places too? Again, you have no idea what you are talking about if you think any of out intel or military people would be able to keep that under wraps, go back to your tin foil covered room, put on your pyramid hat and watch the X-Files.

 

BDL2010

9:15 AM ET

September 23, 2011

@ERIC_STRATTONIII

Cut him some slack.......no pun intended.

I think he is French and still in denial over Algeria.

 

GARFI

10:39 AM ET

September 23, 2011

I liked..

your post is a good.. Beutifull your comment.. porno day

 

JOEYFOTO.FR

1:19 PM ET

September 23, 2011

This defense of the US military is unnecessary...

BDL2010: You defense of the US military is correct, but unnecessary or inappropriate in response to this article which appropriately scorns the imposition of the death penalty as barbaric as well as destructive.

The human restraints with which the US military is conducting operations were not in question here. The outrage is the civilian application of the brutally stupid practice or murdering criminals, in 21st century America — a reactionary practice weakens the US internally as it demeans us internationally.

When people cite practical reasons in defense of capital punishment they are demonstrably false; when they talk about the psychological reasons to execute they are universally contemptible. The practice does no good and much harm, including, as has been recently documented in several books, harm to the public servants who actually carry out our puerile wishes.

 

BDL2010

12:30 AM ET

September 24, 2011

My Defense was not in response to the article.

My defense was in response to @NICOLAS19's comments. He mentioned Guantanamo, Iraq and Afghanistan.

 

BILLPRESTON

2:29 PM ET

October 20, 2011

First off...

Execution has been proven time and again NOT to be a deterrent to crime. It simply isn't even though logic would show that it would be. Second of all I can recall working as a professional PUA helping guys in Singapore and I heard on the radio one morning that there were some foreigners who were arrested for bringing in some sort of substance that was banned. They were arrested on Tuesday and if I recall were tried like Thursday and hung on Friday.

It was really VERY creepy. I mean what if they got the wrong guys? There is no second chance and frankly is it really punishment? I think rotting away in a cell would be much more of a true punishment.

The whole thing is rather disturbing.

 

MATDUDE247

7:54 AM ET

September 23, 2011

Singapore ?

Interesting (intentional ?) Omission.

 

XTIANGODLOKI

9:28 AM ET

September 23, 2011

Same for Malaysia, Egypt, and Taiwan

Since it's not difficult to find countries with capital punishment I would say that Keating intentionally omitted nations with capital punishment. They would otherwise conflict with his point about the US being the only (or one of the very few) democracies which practice death penalty.

Hot button issues like Death Penalty and Abortions are divisive issues which are not even settled here in the US, let alone global. There are plenty of people across the world who are okay with capital punishment just as there are plenty of people across the world who are against abortion. Ultimately if the local people are okay with the concepts then the "human rights organizations" should respect that rather than trying to force their views on populations which they don't really understand or have control over.

 

BENN3012

9:59 AM ET

September 23, 2011

I can write lists too

Another lost scholar who confounded correlation with causation and deduced that we should could improve the human lot by stopping childbirth because it caused significant pain to women.

 

HECTORBD

12:16 PM ET

September 23, 2011

interesting

the list is interesting, but not sure if it is accurate as there are other countries with death penalty. Is it the time now for America to rethink about death penalty.

 

ACRO

12:30 PM ET

September 23, 2011

Well, Well, Well

In Troy Davis case there were 34 witnesses that seen Davis shoot the cop. Of which 3 were Air Force Airman, who were no more 50 feet away. What else do you need?

Acro

 

THEMADCAP

6:10 PM ET

September 23, 2011

Try again

Most of those were not eye witnesses, they were people who head things on the grapevine. The state had 9 eyewitnesses and no physical evidence except a ballistic expert who said the shells may or may not have come from the same gun 7 of those 9 recanted to some extent, 5 signed sworn affidavits that the police pressured or threatened them to testify, and 1 of those 2 who didn't recant is the original alternate suspect who witnesses are now pointing the finger at. This isn't last minute remorse either, this has been going on for over 15 years. Let's run down the list of the eyewitnesses who recanted and the other non eye witnesses who testimony was crucial
Kevin McQueen
“The truth is that Troy never confessed to me or talked to me about the shooting of the police officer. I made
up the confession from information I had heard on T.V. and from other inmates about the crimes. Troy did
not tell me any of this… I have now realized what I did to Troy so I have decided to tell the truth… I need to
set the record straight.”

Monty Holmes
“I told them I didn’t know anything about who shot the officer, but they kept questioning me. I was real young
at that time and here they were questioning me about the murder of a police officer like I was in trouble or
something. I was scared… [I]t seemed like they wouldn’t stop questioning me until I told them what they
wanted to hear. So I did. I signed a statement saying that Troy told me that he shot the cop.”

Jeffrey Sapp
“I got tired of them harassing me, and they made it clear that the only way they would leave me alone is if I
told them what they wanted to hear. I told them that Troy told me he did it, but it wasn’t true. Troy never said
that or anything like it. When it came time for Troy’s trial, the police made it clear to me that I needed to stick
to my original statement; that is, what they wanted me to say. I didn’t want to have any more problems with
the cops, so I testified against Troy.”

Dorothy Ferrell
“From the way the officer was talking, he gave me the impression that I should say that Troy Davis was the
one who shot the officer like the other witness [sic] had… I felt like I was just following the rest of the
witnesses. I also felt like I had to cooperate with the officer because of my being on parole…I told the
detective that Troy Davis was the shooter, even though the truth was that I didn’t see who shot the officer.”

Darrell "D.D." Collins
“After a couple of hours of the detectives yelling at me and threatening me, I finally broke down and told
them what they wanted to hear. They would tell me things that they said had happened and I would repeat
whatever they said. … It is time that I told the truth about what happened that night, and what is written here
is the truth. I am not proud for lying at Troy’s trial, but the police had me so messed up that I felt that’s all I
could do or else I would go to jail.”

Larry Young
“I couldn’t honestly remember what anyone looked like or what different people were wearing. Plus, I had
been drinking that day, so I just couldn’t tell who did what. The cops didn’t want to hear that and kept
pressing me to give them answers. They made it clear that we weren’t leaving until I told them what they
wanted to hear. They suggested answers and I would give them what they wanted. They put typed papers in
my face and told me to sign them. I did sign them without reading them.”

Antoine Williams
“They asked me to describe the shooter and what he looked like and what he was wearing. I kept telling
them that I didn’t know. It was dark, my windows were tinted, and I was scared. It all happened so fast. Even
today, I know that I could not honestly identify with any certainty who shot the officer that night. I couldn’t
then either. After the officers talked to me, they gave me a statement and told me to sign it. I signed it. I did
not read it because I cannot read.”

Robert Grizzard
“I have reviewed the transcript of my testimony from the trial of Troy Davis… During my testimony I said that
the person who shot the officer was wearing a light colored shirt. The truth is that I don’t recall now and I
didn’t recall then what the shooter was wearing, as I said in my initial statement …”

Michael Cooper
“I have had a chance to review a statement which I supposedly gave to police officers on June 25, 1991. I
remember that they asked a lot of questions and typed up a statement which they told me to sign. I did not
read the statement before I signed. In fact, I have not seen it before today. … What is written in that
statement is a lie.”

Benjamin Gordon
“I just kept telling them that I didn’t do anything, but they weren’t hearing that. After four or five hours, they
told me to sign some papers. I just wanted to get the hell out of there. I didn’t read what they told me to sign
and they didn’t ask me to.”

Joseph Washington
“I saw Sylvester Coles – I know him by the name Red – shoot the police officer. I am positive that it was Red
who shot the police officer…”

Tonya Johnson
Red then took both guns next door to an empty house and put them inside the screen door and shut the
door … he threatened me after this happened. He told me that he wanted to make sure that I did not tell the
police about the guns he hid in the screen door that morning. This is why I did not testify about the guns at
Troy’s trial because I was afraid of what Red would do to me if I did. I have not told anyone about this until
now because I was still scared… But I have decided that I must tell the truth."

Anthony Hargrove
“I know a guy named Red, from Savannah. His real name is Sylvester Coles. I’ve known Red for years and
we used to hang out together. Red once told me that he shot a police officer and that a guy named Davis
took the fall for it. He told me this about a year or so after the officer was killed…”

Gary Hargrove
“I am sure that Red was facing in the officer’s direction when I heard the shooting. … I was never talked to
by the police or any attorneys or investigators representing Troy Davis before his trial. I didn’t go up to talk to
the police that night because I was on parole at the time and was out past my curfew so I didn’t want my
parole officer to find out about that.”

Shirley Riley
“People on the streets were talking about Sylvester Coles being involved with killing the police officer so one
day I asked him if he was involved… Sylvester told me he did shoot the officer …”

Darold Taylor
“I remember reading in the paper once about how a guy named Troy Davis got sentenced to the electric
chair… One day when I was in the parking lot of Yamacraw drinking beers with Red. I told him about how I’d
heard that he was the one who killed the officer. Red told me to stay out of his business. I asked him again if
he killed the officer and Red admitted to me that he was the one who killed the officer, but then Red told me
again to stay out of his business.”

April Hester Hutchinson
“Red turned to me and asked me if I would walk with him up to the Burger King so ‘they won’t think that I had
nothing to do with it’. That’s exactly what he said… I told [the police] that I saw Red talking to my cousin
Tonya and that Red was real nervous. I did not tell them about what Red had said to me because I was
scared he would hurt me. I was thinking that if he did that to a police officer, what would he do to me? I didn’t
want to die like that officer, so I kept my mouth shut.”

Anita Saddler
“When I saw Red and Terry, they were jumpy and couldn’t stand still. Their eyes were shifting around and
they were looking everywhere. They walked up to us and Red asked us to go up to Burger King and see
what happened. Like I said, they were real nervous and fidgety. Red had a gun which was stuck into his
shorts. I saw the outline of his gun through his white shirt. I had seen him with a gun many times before.”

Peggie Grant (mother of April Hester Hutchinson)
“A few hours later, April called me on the phone. She told me that she had had a conversation with Red
where he asked her to walk up with him to where the officer was shot so that the police would think that he
was with her and not think he did anything.”

 

THEMADCAP

6:15 PM ET

September 23, 2011

Even the guy...

Michael Cooper, the other man Troy Davis supposedly shot, he himself says it wasn't Troy Davis. Georgia is a blood thirsty state and is the epitome of why almost every other first world nation has outlawed capital punishment. What about the dozens of people exonerated after death from new evidence, the hundreds freed by work from the Innocence Project and Amnesty international. Even more recently over in Texas, remember Cameron Todd Willingham anyone? Justice is not blind and it's not always fair. No one should be subject to an irreversible punishment in a civilized society, especially if there could be any remote doubt of innocence regardless of what the legal system says on their guilt.

 

ZT

4:45 PM ET

September 24, 2011

Apples and Oranges

I can't believe Keating was so lazy not to include at least some basic information about these countries' populations and crime rates. The number of executions isn't useful unless judged relative to those, anymore than one could judge, say, the fattest country by national calories consumed without making note of the number of people eating.

Clearly, all Keating did was take some facts without the proper context, through in old liberal talking points about the death penalty, make a few references to current events, and call it "news." If someone actually wants to know which governments are most apt to use the death penalty, they'll have to do that research somewhere else.

 

FG42

6:54 PM ET

September 24, 2011

Help me understand

If society permits policemen to have guns and kill people, or permits its military to kill, then tell me what is wrong in principle with execution for certain heinous crimes. Of course, there have been errors made and innocent people executed...but so have many innocent people been shot. Why aren't those people opposed to executions also opposed to killing by police before trial and judgement? And why aren't they opposed to killing in warfare? In short, why aren't they pure pacifists?

 

LOE

9:54 PM ET

October 7, 2011

A Crime Is Worth Your Life ~ By The Chinese Government

I have heard that China is one of the countries that practices death penalty to the highest level. I don’t think China will let the criminals die of old age behind bars. No one really knows how many criminals or maybe innocent victims who have finally faced death through lethal injection or perhaps firing squad – no one really knows! Constant debate about this issue has been all throughout the whole world, especially when the people of the United States aren’t favorable to what happened to Troy Davis, the vitalzym man. I find this type of execution right at a certain degree. But doing it more than what is just tolerable, is something questionable. Are they just showing to the people of China that doing such crimes will possibly end your life or is the government asking too much for the committed crime?

 

YARINSIZ

6:02 PM ET

October 18, 2011

When people cite practical

When people cite practical reasons in defense of capital punishment they are demonstrably false; when they talk about the psychological reasons to execute they are universally contemptible. seslichat The practice does no good and much harm, including, as has been recently documented in several books, harm to the public servants who actually carry out our puerile wishes.