Even before the oil wealth, Kuwait had developed a social hierarchy centered around the merchant class that grew out of the pearl industry.  During the oil era, wealthy Kuwaitis sent their children to study abroad and invested in cultural development at home. As a result, says Diwan, "They quickly become the most advanced culture in the Gulf. They become known for their culture and their music."

Here, young girls pose in front of a car.

F. H. Andrus

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